构建网络空间命运共同体：全球互联网治理范式演进和中国路径选择

Building a Community of Common Destiny in Cyberspace: The Paradigm Evolution of Global Internet Governance and the Choice of China’s Path

互联网治理从"管理"范式到"协同治理"范式的演进包含了两个阶段:第一阶段是从"无序发展"过渡到"有效管控",各国就互联网治理从"不必管"到"必须管"达成共识",管理"范式应运而生;第二阶段是从"有效管控"过渡到"多元治理",各国就互联网治理从"一元主导"到"多元协同"达成共识",协同治理"范式被广泛接纳。在"斯诺登事件"发生后,互联网"自反性协同治理"范式对拓展国际互联网治理模式作出了积极尝试,但仍存在三大问题:预设了资本主义立场而难逃工具理性之窠臼,无法获得多边政府主义的认同;重在对互联网逻辑层的存量调整,缺乏增量思维;没能超越现有利益框架,无法致力于消灭全球风险。习近平提出的构建网络空间命运共同体,是中国针对互联网治理发展到全球共享共治阶段而提出的更科学的理论范式,丰富和发展了全球互联网治理的理论内涵,在价值层面追求全球共融,在内容层面做到各层治理的有机统一,在目标层面致力于全球长期共享。

To study the trend and logic of global Internet governance, we must pay attention to its paradigm transformation. The paradigm evolution of Internet governance from"management"to"collaborative governance"includes two stages: the first shifted from"disordered development"to"effective control", as countries reach aconsensus on Internet governance from"no need to manage"to"necessity to manage", with the emergence of the"management"paradigm;the second stageis the transition from"effective control"to"multiple governance". Countries agree the transition from"unified dominance"to"multiplied collaboration"forInternet governance, while the paradigm of"collaborative governance"has been widely accepted. After the Snowden incident, the paradigm of"self-reflexivecollaborative Internet governance"has made positive attempts to expand the governance mode of the Internet, but there are still three major problems: thepresupposition of capitalist position is hard to escape from the dislocation of instrumental rationality and cannot obtain the recognition of multilateralgovernment;it focuses on the stock adjustment of the logic layer of the Internet and lacks incremental thinking;the paradigm has not surpassed the existingframework of interests and fails to eliminate global risks. The construction of a community of common destiny in cyberspace proposed by President Xi Jin-ping is a more scientific theoretical paradigm proposed by China for the development of Internet governance at the stage of global sharing and governance. Itenriches and develops the theoretical connotation of global Internet governance. Its innovation in exploring global Internet governance includes the pursuit of the global integration of value, the integration of governance at all levels in terms of its contents, and dedication to the long-term sharing as its goal.