清热解毒药对肿瘤治疗及其信号通路调节作用的研究进展

Effect of Qingre Jiedu Medicine in Treating Tumor and Regulating Signaling Pathway

肿瘤是指机体在多种致瘤因子作用下,使正常的局部组织和细胞增生所形成的新生物,以此严重威胁着人类的健康和生命。在中医理论中,与致瘤因子相似的热毒是引起肿瘤主要原因之一。现代研究表明,清热解毒药具有清热、排毒、抗菌消炎及提高免疫,抗肿瘤等功效,因此,清热解毒药是治疗肿瘤的中医方剂中重要组成部分。基于对清热解毒药的研究日益受到人们的关注,分子药理学研究表明,清热解毒药可通过调控多个细胞信号转导通路中的靶点对多种肿瘤起到显著的治疗效果。回顾文献,基于近几年来一直缺少对清热解毒药治疗肿瘤的机制研究具体概述,因此本文选取苦参、黄芩、白花蛇舌草、半枝莲几味典型的清热解毒药,分别从分泌型糖蛋白(Wnt)/β-链蛋白(β-catenin),磷脂酰肌醇-3-羟激酶(phosphoinositol-3-kinase,PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(protein kinase B,Akt),刺猬信号通路(Hedgehog信号通路)入手,探讨了苦参、黄芩、白花蛇舌草、半枝莲,从肿瘤细胞的增殖、侵袭和转移及血管生成、减轻或消除化疗耐药性作用等方面抑制细胞增殖和诱导细胞凋亡,可见清热解毒药抑制肿瘤发生发展是清热解毒药中多种成分共同作用的结果,同时清热解毒药治疗肿瘤具有化学药、手术治疗无可比拟的优势。这为清热解毒药在肿瘤治疗的应用与进一步研究提供参考,为中医药在肿瘤的作用机制机制提供新的现代医学的理论支持和作用靶点。

Tumor is a new organism caused by normal local tissue and cell proliferation under the effect of various tumorigenic factors.It is a serious threat to human health and life.In the theory of traditional Chinese medicine,heat poison that is similar to tumorigenic factor is one of the main causes of tumor.Modern studies have shown that Qingre Jiedu drugs have the effect in clearing heat,detoxifying,resisting bacteria and inflammation,improving immunity and resisting tumor.Therefore,Qingre Jiedu drugs are an important part of traditional Chinese prescriptions for the treatment of tumors.The research of Qingre Jiedu drugs has attracted more and more attention.Molecular pharmacological studies have shown that Qingre Jiedu drugs can play a significant role in the treatment of many kinds of tumors by regulating the targets in multiple cell signal transduction pathways.Based on literatures,due to the lack of specific review on heat and detoxification drugs for the treatment of tumor mechanism in recent years,Sophorae Flavescentis Radix,Scutellariae Radix,Hedyotis diffusa willd and Scutellariae Barbatae Herba with typical effect in clearing heat and detoxification were selected to study the tumor cell proliferation,invasion and metastasis and angiogenesis,and effects in reducing or eliminating chemotherapeutic drug resistance,inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix,Scutellariae Radix,Hedyotis diffusa willd and Scutellariae Barbatae Herba through Wnt/beta-catenin,phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases(PI3 K)/protein kinase B(Akt),Hedgehog signaling pathways.Apparently,heat and detoxification drugs can inhibit the occurrence and development of tumors as a result of the common action of various components in heat and detoxification drugs.Meanwhile,heat and detoxification drugs have the advantages over chemical therapy and surgical treatment.This provides a reference for the application and further study of heat and detoxification drugs in tumor treatment,and new theoretical support and action target of modern medicine for the mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine in treating cancer.