从机械到复杂的范式转型：教师学习观变迁及启示

Paradigm Transformation from Mechanics to Complexity:Evolution of Teachers’ View on Learning and Its Implications

教育改革具有复杂性,教师学习自然也不是简单的给予—改变的过程。从19世纪到20世纪初,机械论范式占据主导;20世纪80年代,复杂思想逐渐成熟。在认识论范式从机械向复杂的历史转变中,人们对教师学习的认识也发生了变化。教师学习观经历了从单一走向多维、从封闭走向开放、从孤立到连接的变迁。基于复杂论的教师学习需要具备多维视角融合的支持理念,具有持续性的特点,具有双"S"的基本条件,有助于提升教师学习质量,促进教师专业发展,实现教育变革。

Educational reform is very complicated and teacher learning is not a simple giving-changingprocess.From the 19thcentury to the early 20thcentury,the mechanistic paradigm was dominant.But in the 1980s,complex ideas gradually matured.In the historical transformation from mechanics to complexityin terms of epistemological paradigm,people*s understanding of teacher learning has also changed.Teachers'views on learninghave changed from singleness to multi-dimensionalness,from closedness to openness,and from isolation to connection.Teacher learning based on complexity is sustainable and requires the support ideas with the integration of multiple perspectives.It has the Basic condition of double"S",helps improve the quality of teacher learning,and promotes teachers*professional development,and realizes the educational reform.