20世纪中叶中国早期二位苔藓植物采集者—周蓄源、饶钦止

Xu-yuan Zhou and Qin-zhi Rao,Two Early Chinese Bryophyte Collectors in the Mid-20th Century

二十世纪30年代初,原金陵大学教师周蓄源和美籍教师史蔚德(A.N.Steward)于1931-1933年在贵州和广西两地区进行了植物标本采集和考察工作.该校标本采集员焦启源参加了1931年史蔚德组的工作,以采显花植物为主,未见苔藓植物标本记录;周蓄源单独一组采集隐花植物,注重了苔藓植物的采集,取得了较显著的成果,经巴特拉姆(E.B.Bartram)鉴定,发现1个新属,11个新种和2个变种.饶钦止,中央研究院植物研究所研究员,中国著名的藻类学家.1945年8月受陈邦杰委托,专程到重庆金佛山采集苔类植物近百号,经陈邦杰鉴定,发现苔类6个新种和1个藓类植物新种.以上两次采集考察较少为学界所知,一些植物学史、考察采集史没有提及,甚至一些文献中,种的名称和模式信息出现错误,甚至把周蓄源误认为焦启源,造成了一些混淆.本文对上述两次考察,历史背景和考察采集成果进行较详细的记述.

From 1930 to 1931,Xu-yuan Zhou(S.Y.Cheo),a Chinese teacher of Jinling University,and A.N.Steward,an American teacher of Jinling University,collected plant specimensin Guizhou and Guangxi areas.Only in 1931,Qi-yuan Jiao(C.Y.Chiao or C.Y.Jao),a specimen collector of Jinling University,also took part in the group lead by A.N.Steward.Qi-yuan Jiao mainly collected carpophyte specimens,but no records of bryophyte were found in his specimens.Xu-yuan Zhou mainly collected cryptophyte specimens and focused on the bryophyte specimens.According to the identification by American bryologist E.B.Bartram,1 new genus,11 new species and 2 new variants were found in the bryophyte specimens collected by Xu-yuan Zhou.Prof.Qin-zhi Rao(C.C.Jao) was a famous scientist in algae research in Institute of Botany of Academia Sinica,who was commissioned by the Prof.Bang-jie Chen(P.C.Chen) to take a special trip to the Jinfo Mountain of Chongqing and collected nearly 100 bryophyte specimens in August 1945.6 new liverworts species and 1 new moss species were discovered by Prof.Bang-jie Chen in the sebryophyte specimens.The above mentioned two field trips were rarely known to the academic community and scarcely mentioned in botanical collection history studies.The species names and the information of holotype specimens were incorrect in some literatures,and even Xu-yuan Zhou was misidentified for Qi-yuan Jiao.The historic background and the investigation results of the two field trips are detailly described.