梨园舞蹈丑科科范研究

Research on Performing Forms of Clown Roles in Liyuan Dance

梨园舞蹈中"存腿""吹须""瞪眼""梗脖""醉酒""挑担"等丑科表演科范,集中体现了宋元南戏插科打诨之余绪。在其形态特征上它与"傀儡"一脉相承,而丑脚色特有的小人物形象以及"压脚鼓"的伴奏形式,都构成了梨园舞蹈丑科科范的艺术特征。追根于梨园戏之丑脚色,分析梨园舞蹈丑科科范的形态特点及其美学意味,不仅为今天的中国传统舞蹈样式提供了更多可能性,同样是在探索一条"从戏曲回到戏剧,从戏剧回到歌舞戏,从歌舞戏回到乐舞"的新路径。

The performing forms of clown roles in Liyuan dance,including Squat Walking( to look shorter),Blowing Beard,Glaring,Raising Neck,Being Drunk and Carrying Loads,embody the heritage of the comic performances of the Southern Opera in Song and Yuan Dynasties. The artistic feature of the performing forms of clown roles in Liyuan dance contains three parts,and the morphological characteristics of them is in one continuous line with"puppet",the particular small potato image of the clown roles,and the accompaniment form of"foot-moving drum"( making drumbeat through slightly moving the foot put on a drum). The analysis of the morphological characters and the aesthetic meaning of the performing forms of clown roles in Liyuan dance not only provides more possibilities to today’s Chinese dance,but also explores a new path from traditional opera to drama,returning to song and dance drama from drama,and returning to dance accompanied by music from song and dance drama.