小学生学习品质实证评价——基于浙江省2018年小学教育质量监测的数据分析

Empirical Evaluation of Primary School Students’ Learning Quality: A Data Analysis Based on 2018 Primary Education Quality Monitoring in Zhejiang Province

学习品质是学生在学习过程中表现出来的相对稳定的心理倾向与行为特质。本研究基于浙江省2018年小学教育质量监测中31610名五年级学生的有效数据,从学习动力和学习策略两个维度对小学生学习品质进行实证评价。结果表明,浙江省小学生学习品质总体良好,但城乡差异显著,城市和县城学生的学习品质明显高于乡镇农村学生;学生学习品质显著影响学生的学业水平;学生的品德行为、身心健康、教师教学方式、师生关系以及学生家庭的社会经济地位、亲子关系、家长参与等因素均对学生的学习品质有着显著的正向影响,但教师教学需要通过学生学习品质这一中介桥梁才能对学生学业成绩产生影响,家庭因素则能直接影响子女的学业水平。因此,教育行政部门应把提升乡镇农村学生学习品质作为一项重点问题予以关注,从政策制定、经费保障等方面予以适当倾斜;教育研究部门和学校需要全面重视品德行为、身心健康与学习品质的培养,重点研究学生学习品质的形成与发展机制,以及教师教学--学习品质--学业成绩的转化机制。

Learning quality is a relatively stable psychological tendency and behavioral trait in the process of learning. Based on the effective data of 31610 fifth graders in 2018 primary education quality monitoring in Zhejiang Province, this study empirically evaluates the learning quality of primary school students from two dimensions of learning motivation and learning strategy. The results show that the learning quality of primary school students in Zhejiang Province is generally good, but there is a significant difference between urban and rural areas. The learning quality of urban and county students is significantly higher than that of rural students in villages and towns, and the learning quality of students significantly affects the academic level of students. Students’ moral behavior, physical and mental health, teachers’ teaching methods, teacher-student relationship, students’ family socio-economic status, parent-child relationship, parents’ participation and other factors all have a significant positive impact on students’ learning quality, but teachers’ teaching needs the intermediary bridge of students’ learning quality in order to have an impact on students’ academic performance, while family factors can directly affect the academic level of students. Therefore, the administrative department of education should pay attention to improving the learning quality of rural students in villages and towns as a key issue, and pay attention to it from the aspects of policy formulation and financial guarantee. Educational research departments and schools should pay full attention to the cultivation of moral behavior, physical and mental health and learning quality, and focus on the formation and development mechanism of students’ learning quality, as well as the transformation mechanism of teachers’ teaching, learning quality and academic achievement.