围绝经期综合征中医证候及用药规律文献研究

Literature Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Distribution and Medication Rule of Perimenopausal Syndrome

目的总结围绝经期综合征证候分布以及中药使用规律。方法检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)和PubMed数据库中医或中西医结合治疗围绝经期综合征的临床研究,文献发表时间范围为2008年3月1日至2019年3月31日。提取纳入研究文献中的证候、证候要素、使用药物信息建立数据库,分别统计证候类型、证候要素、药物及药物类别分布情况,并对常用药物在纳入方剂中的分布进行可视化分析。结果共纳入文献345篇。证候类型116个,频次前3位的证候类型有肾阴虚(209)、肝郁气滞(164)、肝肾阴虚(105)。病位证素5个,出现频次分布为肾(798)、肝(404)、心(148)、脾(118)、肺(3);病性证素10个,出现频次前3位的为阴虚(317)、气虚(161)、气郁(115)。使用中药109种,涉及17个类别,中药出现频次前3位分别为熟地黄(169)、山茱萸(141)、白芍(134),类别前3位分别为补虚药(1658)、清热药(458)、温里药(278)。结论围绝经期综合征病性虚实夹杂,以虚证为主,主要病变脏腑为肾、肝、心,治疗用药以补虚、清热、温里药为多。

Objective To explore the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndromes in perimenopausal syndrome and the medication rule of Chinese materia medica.Methods Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and PubMed were searched for clinical research on Chinese medicine or integrative Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of perimenopausal syndrome.Literature published time was from March 1,2008 to March 31,2019.The syndromes,syndrome elements and drug information included in the research literature were extracted to establish a database,and the types of syndromes,syndrome elements,drug and drug categories were statistically analyzed,and the distribution of commonly used drugs in the prescriptions was visually analyzed.Results A total of 345 articles were included.There were 116 syndrome types.The top 3 syndrome types of high frequency were kidney yin deficiency(209),liver qi stagnation(164),and liver and kidney yin deficiency(105).There were5 disease location syndrome elements.Specifically,frequency distribution was kidney(798),liver(404),heart(148),spleen(118),and lung(3);there were 10 disease nature syndrome elements.The top 3 high frequency elements were yin deficiency(317),qi deficiency(161),and qi stagnation(115).Totally 109 kinds of Chinese materia medica were used,involving 17 categories.The top 3 Chinese materia medica with high frequency were Radix Rehmanniae Preparata(169),Fructus Corni(141)and Radix Paeoniae Alba(134).The top 3 categories were deficiency-tonifying herbs(1658),heat-clearing herbs(458),and interior-warming herbs(278).Conclusion Perimenopausal syndrome is characterized by intermingled deficiency and excess,mainly with deficiency syndrome.The main lesions are located in the kidney,liver and heart.Deficiency-tonifying herbs,heat-clearing herbs,interiorwarming herbs are often used for treatment.