重大行政决策重大行政决策责任追究事由的偏离和矫正——以决策中对社会稳定风险的控制为中心

Deviation and Correction of the Causes of Major Administrative Decision-making Responsibility——Focus on the Control of Social Stability Risks in Decision-Making

在重大行政决策的责任追究中,以控制决策的社会稳定风险为目标的事由最为严密,但存在对权过责相适应、激励兼容和恰当回应民意等责任设定原则的偏离。决策前置程序中的追责事由存在冗余和形式主义,将社会稳定风险评估结果和决策责任绑定诱发了对评估的操纵,决策执行中的追责机制容易刺激利益相关者和政府博弈,结果归责的责任倒查也没有得到根本纠正。对此,必须限缩决策前置程序中的追责事由,在对决策者的责任追究中避免将程序性和实体性义务相混淆,在决策执行阶段区分执行者和决策者的责任,慎用结果归责并为追责对象提供足够的免责抗辩理由。

Accountability system for social stability risk is most rigorous in all fields of administrative decision-making.However, there are deviations from the principles of accountability, such as fitting accountability to power and fault, incentive compatibility and appropriate response to public opinion.The causes of accountability in its decision pre-program areredundant and lead to formalism.Linking the results of social stability risk assessment with the accountability of decision-making induces the manipulation of assessment results.The accountability mechanism in decision implementation stimulates the game between stakeholders and the government.The result-oriented accountability has not been fundamentally corrected.Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the causes of accountability in the decision pre-program, avoid confusing procedural and substantive obligations in the accountability of decision makers, distinguish the accountability of performers and decision makers in the decision-implementation process, limit result-orientedpolitical accountability to very limited special circumstances and provide necessary exemptions.