行政法学总论阿基米德支点的选择

Choice of Archimedes’ Fulcrum in General Administrative Law

行政法学总论的阿基米德支点是指一种能够支撑起整个行政法学总论的概念工具,通过对这一支点的概念演绎便可以编排出行政法的教义体系。迄今为止,几种比较主流的阿基米德支点方案包括:单一行政行为方案、经典行政行为形式方案、行政过程论方案、传统行政法律关系方案、新行政法律关系方案、行政法律机制方案、行政手段方案等。在阐明行政法学总论理想形态的基础上,通过主观法体系与客观法体系、节点与整体、监控模式与管理模式三大区分标准,可以对上述方案进行比较与评判。行政法律机制具有以机制为框架,以制度为单元,内嵌行为形式的树状结构特征。将行政法律机制作为行政法学总论的阿基米德支点可以有效促进法解释学与法政策学的融合。

The Archimedes’ fulcrum of general administrative law refers to a conceptual tool that supports the whole general administrative law. Through the deduction of the concept of this fulcrum, the doctrinal system of administrative law can be formulated. Up to now, several mainstream Archimedes’ fulcrum schemes are: single administrative act scheme, classical administrative acts form scheme, administrative process theory scheme, traditional administrative legal relationship scheme, new administrative legal relationship scheme, administrative legal mechanism scheme, administrative means scheme, etc. On the basis of expounding the ideal form of the general administrative law, the above fulcrum schemes can be qualitatively and critically evaluated through three distinguishing criteria: the subjective law system and the objective law system, the node and the entirety, the monitoring mode and the management mode. Administrative legal mechanism theory has a tree-like structure with framework as mechanism, unit as system, and embedded administrative behavior form. Selecting it as Archimedes’ fulcrum can effectively promote the integration of legal hermeneutics and legal policy science.