新中国成立70年来研究生招生制度变迁逻辑：回顾与展望

Changing Logic and Development Trend of Graduate Students Admission System in 70 Years since PRC Was Founded: Retrospect and Prospect

新中国成立70年以来,我国研究生招生制度在国家、学术和市场三重逻辑共同驱动下经历了由萌芽、波动到快速发展的过程。制度变迁方向以"自上而下"为主,"自下而上、上下结合"日益增多;变迁形态以渐进、局部变迁为主,激进、整体变迁阶段性作为"波峰"形态出现。应充分认识我国研究生招生制度变迁机理和规律,探索三重逻辑合理发挥作用的有效路径,在招生单位办学自主权、学生自由选择权、招考分离、社会需求响应力等方面继续开展适切的改革实践。

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, Chinese graduate admission system has been experienced by the germination, fluctuation to the process of rapid development. The institutional change was driven by a Country-Academic-Market logic. The main direction of institutional change is "top-down", and the form of "from bottom to top, and combined with" is on the rise. The change form is given priority to with gradual and partial changes, radical, overall change periodically as "peak" appear. Chinese universities(authorities) should fully recognize the institutional change mechanism and rules, and explore an effective way of the logical function. More reasonable reform should be promoted by the following measures: the enrollment of school autonomy, students’ free choice, recruitment separation and social demand response etc.