承继联接与俄语存在构式范畴的建构

Inherit Link and the Category of Russian Existential Constructions

俄语存在句句法语义的现有研究成果以描写为主,对于俄语存在句对存在动词的选择机制、存在句不同意义之间的衍生关系,以及背后的认知动因并没有得到充分的阐释,因此,有必要从新的角度对俄语存在句进行深入研究。由于语义和语用条件影响俄语存在句的句法条件,并使其区分于处所句,因此,可以在构式语法框架内对俄语存在句进行描写和解释。俄语存在构式的形式构成为“存在阈+存在动词+存在事物”,交际中强调的重点是“存在事物”。俄语存在构式为原型性范畴,包括中心构式和具体扩展构式,具体扩展构式与中心构式通过承继联接建立认知关联。

Existing researches on the syntactics-semantics of Russian existential sentences are mainly based on description.Yet the selection mechanism of existential verbs in Russian existential sentences,the derivative relationship between different meanings of existential sentences,and the cognitive motivation behind them have not been fully explained.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out an in-depth research on Russian existential sentences from a new perspective.As semantic and pragmatic conditions affect the syntactic conditions of Russian existential sentences and distinguish them from locative sentences,it is possible to describe and explain Russian existential sentences within the framework of Construction Grammar.The form of Russian existential construction is“existential threshold+existential verb+existential thing”.And in communication,the emphasis is on the“existential thing”.The Russian existential construction belongs to prototype category which includes the central construction and the extended constructions.Their cognitive relevance is established through inherent link.