包含动作兼结果语义的“V+不含名词的NP”构式语义分析

Semantic Analysis of the Construction “V+NP Without a Noun” Containing the Meanings of Act and Result

“V+不含名词的NP”构式具有多种语义解读形式,原因在于包含显性和隐性语义成分的谓语动词与性状事件共同作用于接受者,使其产生“宽泛性”语义联想。本文旨在为“V+不含名词的NP”构式提供一个合理的语义解读方案,首先界定“不含名词的NP”的应用范围,通过介绍相关理论进而阐明该构式的句法生成过程,最后从动词功能、动词与省略的名词的关系、隐性次动词与谓补NP的关系以及谓补NP的语义指向等方面分析构式语义,指出句法上的SVC结构在语义逻辑层面可看成SVO形式,结合动词显、隐性成分来分析谓补NP的语义指向问题,可实现句子“动作兼容结果”的语义表达效果。

The construction“V+NP without a noun”has several meanings from different perspectives because both the explicit and implicit semantic components of the predicate verb and the trait event make the receiver imagine extensively.This paper aims at offering a sensible interpretation scheme for such a construction.It first defines the range of application of the structure.Second the theories concerned are introduced,and then the syntactic generation process is illustrated.Finally,the semantic meanings of“V+NP without a noun”are analyzed in terms of the predicate verb,the relationship between the verb and its object omitted,the relationship between the verb and its NP complement,and the semantic orientation of the NP complement.The paper points out that the SVC structure in the syntactic way,in some way,can be viewed as the SVO structure in the semantic way.Only when both the explicit and implicit semantic components of the predicate verb are combined with the analysis of the semantic orientation of its NP complement can the ideal expressing the effect of fusing both act and result of“V+NP without a noun”,be achieved.