面向空间句法的旅游街区路网瓶颈识别研究

Identification of bottlenecks in tourism block network based on spatial syntax

为解决旅游街区规划前瞻性不足导致的人群拥堵问题,针对旅游街区人群流动的时空特征,提出面向拓扑分布空间句法的Logit型随机用户均衡(SUE)路径选择模型。首先,基于空间句法理论构建旅游街区路网拓扑图,刻画复杂街区路网的拓扑不变性;然后,改进传统Logit型SUE路径选择模型,模拟人群在路网拓扑结构上的流量分布;其次,考虑路径出行时间阻抗,引入非线性的美国联邦公路局函数(BPR)行人路阻函数,表征行人出行时间阻抗扰动;最后,分析重庆磁器口景区路网。结果表明:路径S7的时间阻抗负向演化程度最大,S8、S13、S14次之,通过景区路网改造,可分摊路径S7的流量,并有效消解其时间阻抗的负向演化趋势,改善了人群疏导效果。

To solve the problem of crowd congestion caused by lack of forward looking plan for tourist blocks,a Logit type stochastic user equilibrium route choice model oriented to topological distribution and spatial syntax was proposed in view of the temporal and spatial characteristics of population flow in tourist blocks.Firstly,the topology diagram of tourism block was established based on spatial syntax theory to describe the topological invariance of complex block network.Then the traditional Logit stochastic user equilibrium route selection model was improved to simulate the crowd flow distribution of the network topology.The nonlinear Bureau of Public Roads pedestrian road resistance function was introduced to depict crowding effect characterization of the crowd considering the path travel time impedance.Finally,the road network of Ciqikou scenic area in Chongqing was analyzed.The results show that the time of the impedance evolution degree is the worst on path S7,followed by S8,S13 and S14 and that through the transformation of scenic road network,the flow of route S7 is allocated,and the negative evolution trend of time impedance is effectively eliminated,which improves the effect of crowd counseling.