源于“肝生于左”探讨肝的中西医比较

Exploration of the Difference between Chinese and Western Medicine on the Liver from "in the Left Liver"

“肝生于左”出自《素问·刺禁论》。通过查阅文献,并在有关《黄帝内经》原文中寻求论证,说明“肝生于左”是指肝气生发于左,但少数学者认为是指肝脏位于膈下,在肺脏的下端。关于肝的中西医比较,在解剖学方面,中医发展早,西医研究层次更深入,目前中医已吸纳西医肝脏解剖学。在功能方面肝可贮藏血液和调节血流量中西医看法一致;防止出血、分泌胆汁和促进消化看似是中西医的共识,而本质上是不同的;与西医完全不同的是,中医认为肝可促进血和津液的运行、调节男女生殖功能和调畅情志功能,经现代医学研究证实这与肝疏泄功能有关。造成这些差异的根本原因是中西医医学观的不同,中医以“司外揣内”“天人合一”、阴阳五行学说等古代哲学思想的指导下,在原始解剖概念的基础上增添了其所不具备的功能性的内容;西医则注重在实验测定的基础上研究其组成结构功能,描述器官本身功能。临床上应知中西医之肝的本质上的差异,不可简单类比;也需知其联系,科学的结合。对于中学西、西学中的初学者在对脏腑、气血、津液等认识方面难免会有所混淆和迷茫,该文的目的不仅仅是探讨“肝生于左”和肝的中西医比较,以期解惑,更是愿可以抛砖引玉,引发读者思考中西医对脏腑、气血、津液等认识的差异和联系,这样利于中西医有机的结合,为人类健康做出更多贡献。

“in the left liver”comes from the SU Wen,thorn ban theory.By consulting the literature and seeking evidence in the original text of the Inner Canon of Huangdi,it is stated that“in the left liver”means that the liver governing ascending and dredging on the left,but a few scholars believe that the liver is located under the armpit,under the lung.Regarding the comparison of Chinese and Western medicine in the liver,in the aspect of anatomy,the development of Chinese medicine is early,and the level of Western medicine research is deeper.At present,Chinese medicine has absorbed the liver anatomy of Western medicine.In terms of function,the liver can store blood and regulate blood flow.The Chinese and Western medicines have the same view;preventing bleeding,secreting bile and promoting digestion seem to be the consensus of Chinese and Western medicine,but they are different in nature;completely different from Western medicine,Chinese medicine believes that liver It can promote the operation of blood and body fluids,regulate male and female reproductive function and regulate emotional function.It is confirmed by modern medical research that it is related to the function of liver governing regulating.The root cause of these differences is the difference between Chinese and Western medical concepts.Under the guidance of ancient philosophical ideas such as“governing exterior to infer interior”,“unity of heaven and man”and the theory of YIN and YANG and five elements,Chinese medicine has added on the basis of the original anatomical concept. The functional content that it does not possess Western medicine focuses on the study of its structural and functional functions on the basis of experimental determination, and describes the function of the organ itself. It is clinically necessary to know the essential difference between the liver of Chinese and Western medicine, and it is not easy to analogy;it is also necessary to know the connectionand scientific combination. For beginners, it is inevitable that they will be confused that about the knowledge of viscera, Qi and blood, and the body fluid. The purpose of this paper is not only to explore the comparison between Chinese and Western medicine, and“ in the left liver”.Confusion, I hope this article has broached, and trigger readers to think about the differences and connections between Chinese and Western medicine on the understanding of viscera, Qi and blood, and fluid, which is conducive to the organic combination of Chinese and We stern medicine and make more contributions to human health.