长江流域国家湿地公园时空演变特征及其驱动因素

Temporal and Spatial Pattern Evolution Characteristics and Driving Factors of National Wetland Parks in the Yangtze River Basin

以长江流域国家湿地公园为研究对象,选取2005、2011、2017年3个时间截面,利用重心标准差椭圆、核密度、探索性空间数据分析技术、地理探测器等方法,从空间分布重心、分布密度以及时空关联性等方面探析长江流域国家湿地公园的时空演变特征及其主要驱动因素,研究表明:①长江流域国家湿地公园时空分布呈东北-西南走向,流域内国家湿地公园发展的重心在长江中下游地区;②长江流域国家湿地公园空间集聚形态显著,不同时间截点均展现出"整体分散、局部集中"的演变特征;③流域内国家湿地公园空间分布呈正相关关系,时空格局冷热点区域以阶梯状排列,由长江中下游地区向西北地区推移;④地形、气候、水文等自然因素对长江流域国家湿地公园时空分布的影响具有一致性,经济、交通、人口等社会经济因素对格局演化有重要驱动作用,政府政策的影响程度有待加强。

Taking the National Wetland Park of the Yangtze River Basin as the research object, three time sections were selected in 2005, 2011 and 2017, and the center of gravity distribution and distribution were obtained from the spatial distribution standard ellipse, nuclear density, exploratory spatial data analysis technology and geographic detector. The spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and main driving factors of the national wetland parks in the Yangtze River Basin are analyzed in terms of density and spatial and temporal correlation. The research shows that: 1) The spatial and temporal distribution of national wetland parks in the Yangtze River Basin is northeast-southwest, and the center of national wetland parks in the basin is in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze;2) The spatial agglomeration pattern of the national wetland parks in the Yangtze River Basin is significant, and the intercepted points at different time periods show the distribution characteristics of whole dispersion and local concentration;3) The spatial distribution of national wetland parks in the basin is positively correlated, and the spatial and temporal patterns of cold hotspots are the stepped distribution who is shifted from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River to the northwest;4) The natural factors such as topography, climate and hydrology have a consistent influence on the spatial and temporal distribution of the national wetland parks in the Yangtze River Basin. The socio-economic factors such as economy, transportation and population play an important driving role in the basin. The impact of government policy needs to be strengthened.