绿色发展背景下区域旅游业碳排放时空分异与影响因素研究——以长江经济带为例

Spatio-Temporal Differentiation and Influencing Factors of Regional Tourism Carbon Emissions under the Background of Green Development:A Case Study of the Yangtze River Economic Belt

以旅游业碳排放强度作为衡量指标,运用泰尔指数对长江经济带2006-2015年旅游业碳排放的时空分异特征及其影响因素进行研究。结果表明:①2006-2015年长江经济带旅游业碳排放总量呈现出不断增长的态势,以14.91%的年均增长率从2006年的6 164.6×10^4t增长到2015年的20 739.5×10^4t,同时旅游业碳排放强度总体上呈现出先上升后缓慢下降的态势,在一定程度上说明旅游经济增长对能源消耗的依赖性开始减弱;②长江经济带旅游业碳排放类型分布不均衡,以中碳、较高碳排放类型为主,在碳排放强度空间分布上,上游地区>中游地区>下游地区;③长江经济带旅游业碳排放强度的区域差异与区域内差异都呈现出先扩大后缩小的态势,区域差异主要根源于区域内差异,但对区域内差异的依赖程度呈下降态势;④在各影响因素中,旅游业经济规模、人数规模、能源消耗强度和能源消费结构对旅游业碳排放起着显著正向促进作用,而地区经济发展水平、地区环境污染治理水平、旅游产业结构对旅游业碳排放起着显著负向阻碍作用。

With the continuous and rapid development of tourism in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the carbon emissions of tourism have also increased rapidly, which caused damage to the ecological environment of the Yangtze River Basin. Taking the carbon emission intensity of the tourism industry as the measure index, this paper used the Theil index to study the temporal and spatial differentiation and influencing factors of carbon emissions of tourism industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2006 to 2015. The results showed that: 1) From 2006 to 2015, the total carbon emissions of tourism industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt showed a growing trend, which grew at an average annual growth rate of 14.91% from 61.646 million tons in 2006 to 207.395 million tons in 2015. But, the carbon emission intensity of tourism industry shows a trend of rising first and then slowly declining on the whole, which shows that the dependence of tourism economic growth on energy consumption is beginning to weaken;2) The distribution of carbon emission intensity of tourism industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is not balanced, and the main type of carbon emission are middle carbon and higher carbon emission. In the spatial distribution of carbon emission intensity, the upper reaches > the middle reaches > the lower reaches;3) The regional and intraregional differences in carbon emission intensity of tourism in the Yangtze River Economic Belt show a trend of expanding first and then narrowing. The regional differences are mainly rooted in intraregional differences, but the dependence on intraregional differences is declining;4)Among the influencing factors, the economic scale, tourist scale, energy consumption intensity and energy consumption structure of tourism play a remarkable positive role in promoting the tourism carbon emission, while the regional economic development level, regional environmental pollution control level and tourism industry structure play a significant negative role in hindering the tourism carbon emission.