互联网是否改善了中国的资源错配——基于动态空间杜宾模型与门槛模型的检验

Can internet Improve the Resource Misallocation of China:A Empirical Test Based on the Dynamic Spatial Durbin Model and Threshold Effect

从互联网是否改善了资源错配这一问题出发,本文利用2003-2017年我国30个省市自治区的面板数据,通过动态空间杜宾模型和门槛模型进行实证检验。研究表明:(1)整体上,互联网发展能够直接改善地区的资源错配情况,并具有显著的空间溢出效应;(2)空间上,互联网发展对本地区的资源错配有着改善的效果,却会加剧邻近地区的资源错配;(3)互联网对资源错配的改善效果有着地域上的差异,在东部地区的效果最大,中部和西部次之;(4)互联网可通过提升市场化程度、促进金融市场发展、提升对外开放水平等间接作用于资源配置,改善资源错配;(5)互联网对于资源错配的影响存在门槛效应,对资本错配的影响存在单一门槛,在互联网普及率达到25.135%时,互联网对资本错配的改善效果才显著,对劳动力错配则存在着双重门槛,在互联网普及率达到15.685%时,其对劳动力错配的改善效果显现,互联网普及率高于47.901%时,改善效果得到增强。

Starting from the question of whether the Internet has improved the misallocation of resources,this paper uses the panel data of 30 provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions in China from 2003 to 2017 to carry out an empirical test through the dynamic spatial Durbin model and threshold model.The research shows that,on the whole,the development of the Internet can directly improve the misallocation of resources in the region and has significant spatial spillover effect;in space,the development of the internet has an improvement effect on the misallocation of resources in the region,but it will aggravate the misallocation of resources in the neighbouring areas;the improvement effect of internet on resource misallocation is different in different regions,and the effect of Internet on improving resource misallocation is different in different regions.The effect is the greatest in the eastern region,followed by the central and Western regions;internet can improve resource misallocation indirectly by enhancing the degree of marketization,promoting the development of financial market,and enhancing the level of opening to the outside world;the impact of the internet on resource mismatch has a threshold effect.There is a single threshold for capital misallocation.When the penetration rate of the Internet reaches 25.135%,the improvement effect of the Internet on capital misallocation is remarkable.There is a double threshold for labor misallocation.When the internet penetration rate reaches15.685%,its effect on improving labor mismatch is obvious and when the internet penetration rate is higher than 47.901%,the improvement effect is enhanced.