基于重测序的籽粒型和鲜食型大豆的全基因组变异分析

Genome-wide Variation Analysis of Grain and Vegetable Soybeans Based on Re-sequencing

为揭示籽粒型和鲜食型大豆基因组间的差异,本研究对2个籽粒大豆品种‘浙春3号’、‘浙春4号’和2个鲜食大豆品种‘浙鲜豆8号’、‘浙鲜9号’进行全基因组重测序,平均测序深度为6X,覆盖度大于94%。通过与参考基因组比对发现,籽粒大豆平均杂合率12.24%,鲜食大豆平均杂合率10.97%,籽粒型大豆杂合度高于鲜食型。2个籽粒型大豆插入和缺失变异占总变异21.89%,染色体间易位变异占总变异41.04%;而2个鲜食型大豆缺失变异占总变异22.38%,染色体间易位变异占总变异46.15%,籽粒型大豆缺失变异率和染色体间易位变异率均低于鲜食型大豆。研究结果在一定程度上反映了籽粒型大豆和鲜食型大豆在基因组水平的差异,为分子标记辅助选择育种提供了科学依据。

To reveal the genome differences between grain and vegetable soybeans,two grain cultivars ‘Zhechun No.3’,‘Zhechun No.4’and two vegetable cultivars ‘Zhexiandou No.8’and ‘Zhexian No.9’were re-sequenced by whole genome re-sequencing.The average sequencing depth was 6X and the coverage was more than 94%.Compared with the reference genome,the average heterozygosity rates of grain and vegetable soybeans were 12.24%and 10.97%,respectively.The rate of the grain soybean was higher than that of the vegetable type.For the grain type,the rate of insertion and deletion variation was 21.89%,and the chromosome translocation variation was41.04%.For the vegetable type,the rate of deletion was 22.38%,and the chromosome translocation variation was46.15%.The rates of grain type were lower than those of vegetable type.These results showed the differences between grain and vegetable soybeans at the genome level,which might provide basis for marker-assisted selection breeding.