施氮与缓释尿素有利于辣椒产量及品质的提升

Nitrogen Application and Slow-release Urea are Beneficial to the Improvement of Yield and Quality of Pepper

为研究不同释放速率的缓释尿素及施氮量对辣椒(Capsicum annuum)品种‘陇椒2号’叶绿素荧光参数、产量及品质的影响,本研究以‘陇椒2号’为供试材料,采用普通尿素和缓释尿素(释放期90 d和180 d)与施氮量(450 kg/hm^2,400 kg/hm^2,350 kg/hm^2,300 kg/hm^2)双因素交互试验。结果表明:在同等施氮水平下,与施用普通尿素相比,缓释尿素D180(释放天数180 d)处理辣椒叶片叶绿素含量、荧光参数、果实中糖、淀粉和Vc含量显著提高,硝酸盐含量降低。与普通尿素处理U和缓释尿素处理D90相比,产量显著提高146.6%和52.1%,产量最高达14540.06 kg/hm^2;施氮量大于400 kg/hm^2时,辣椒产量明显减小。本研究初步结论表明尿素释放速率和施氮量的交互作用对辣椒叶片叶绿素含量、荧光参数、果实品质及产量有显著影响,以处理D1803(施N 350 kg/hm^2)对辣椒叶绿素含量、荧光参数、果实中营养物质含量以及产量的提升效果最佳。

In order to investigate the effects of slow release urea with different release rates and nitrogen rate on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,yield and quality of pepper(Capsicum annuum)variety ‘Longjiao2’.We conducted dual factors cross test with supply test object ‘Longjiao2’by adopting common urea and slow release urea(90 release days and 180 release days),and nitrogen fertilizer rate(450 kg/hm^2,400 kg/hm^2,350 kg/hm^2,300 kg/hm^2)in the whole experiment.The results showed that under the same condition of nitrogen fertilizer rate,compared with common urea,slow release urea D180(with 180 release days)had significant influence on the increase of the content of chlorophyll in pepper blade,fluorescence parameter,fruit sugar content,content of starch and Vc and the decrease of the content of nitrate.Compared with common urea U and slow release urea D90,it increased yield146.6%and 52.1%respectively,and the highest yield was 14540.06 kg/hm^2.When nitrogen fertilizer rate was greater than 400 kg/hm^2,the pepper production decreased obviously.The preliminary conclusions of this study indicated that the interaction of urea release rate and nitrogen rate could have significant influence on content of chlorophyll,fluorescence parameter,and quality of product.D1803 treatment(nitrogen fertilizer rate 350 kg/hm^2)would have the best effect on the increase of content of chlorophyll in pepper blade,fluorescence parameter,nutrient content in product,and yield.