一氧化氮对植物淹水伤害的缓解作用及其机制

Roles and Underlying Mechanisms of Nitric Oxide in Alleviating Waterlogging Damage to Plants

淹水胁迫影响植物的生长发育,在大田作物生产中,持续淹水会导致作物减产降质甚至绝产,缓解植物的淹水损伤已成为保障作物产量和品质形成的关键。一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)是一种重要的气体信号分子,不仅参与调节植物生长发育,同时也在植物对逆境胁迫的响应中发挥着关键作用。本综述介绍了NO对受淹植物生长发育、生理特性及相关基因表达的影响,重点就其缓解植物淹水损伤的效应和机制进行了论述,并对今后的研究方向提出展望,以期为该领域的研究提供相应理论参考。

Waterlogging stress is a major abiotic stress that negatively influences the growth and development of plants.Considerable yield loss even crop failure may be followed when a long and heavy waterlogging occurs in field crop production.How to alleviate the damage in plants subjected to waterlogging stress has become the key point to improve the production and quality of crops.As an important signaling molecule,NO has been demonstrated to be involved in plant adaptive responses to abiotic and biotic constraints.In this study,we reviewed the effects of NO on growth and physiological characteristics of submerged plants,with a focus on its role and mechanism in alleviating the damages caused by waterlogging stress.In addition,we put forward the future research direction,which would provide a reference for the future research.