小兴安岭红皮云杉乌伊岭群体的生长表现及个体选择

Growth Performance and Individual Selection of the Wuyiling Population of Picea koraiensis in Xiaoxing’anling

红皮云杉(Picea koraiensis Nakai.)是小兴安岭山脉东段乌伊岭云杉林的重要组成树种之一,具有经济、材用、生态和景观等多种功效。为了合理利用小兴安岭红皮云杉的自然遗传资源,提高良种的科技附加值,以乌伊岭群体自由授粉子代测定林为评价对象,采用固定标准地定位观测的方法,在个体生长表现和遗传效应分析的基础上,探讨了自由授粉子代树高和胸径的遗传变异,系统分析了生长性状的遗传力和遗传增益,并从中选育出生长、抗逆性和适应能力兼优的个体。结果表明:群体内个体间,乌伊岭群体子代的生长性状存在极显著差异,其中,树高变异较小,胸径变异较大,平均变异系数分别为23.12%和41.48%;红皮云杉的生长性状受遗传基因的控制程度强,遗传增益大,树高和胸径2个性状的遗传力分别为0.946和0.935,遗传增益分别为17.49%和31.05%;综合考虑各项评价指标和各种影响因素,确定WY010、WY039和WY045为优良个体。

Picea koraiensis is one of the important tree species of Wuyiling spruce forest in the eastern section of the Xiaoxing'an Mountains.It has many functions such as economy,material use,ecology and landscape.In order to make rational use of the natural genetic resources of Picea koraiensis of Xiaoxing'anling red spruce and improve the scientific value-added of improved varieties,the free-pollination progeny of Wuyiling population was used as the evaluation object,and the method of fixed standard localization observation was used to analyze the individual growth performance and inheritance.Based on the effect analysis,the genetic variation of tree height and DBH of free pollination progeny was discussed.The heritability and genetic gain of growth traits were systematically analyzed,and individuals with good growth,stress resistance and adaptability were selected.The results showed that there were significant differences in the growth traits between the individuals in the Wuyiling group.Among them,the variation of tree height was small,and the variation of DBH was larger.The average coefficient of variation was 23.12%and 41.48%,respectively.The growth traits were strongly controlled by genetic genes,and the genetic gain was large.The heritability of tree height and DBH 2 traits were 0.946 and 0.935,respectively,and the genetic gains were 17.49%and 31.05%,respectively.Considering various evaluation indicators and various Influencing factors,it is determined that WY010,WY039 and WY045 are excellent individuals.