无偿献血者人群中ABO亚型漏检及人群频率研究

Study on miss detection and prevalence of ABO subgroups in blood donors

目的探讨无偿献血者人群中弱ABO亚型的漏检及真实人群频率。方法收集2009年1月-2017年12月上海地区2945643(人)份无偿献血者标本,使用全自动血型仪器(微量板法)初筛及复核其ABO血型;对疑似ABO亚型标本使用试管法、吸收放散法等确证。结合2009-2017年所有ABO亚型献血者人数及理论漏检率,统计得出ABO亚型的真实频率。结果2009-2017年上海地区无偿献血者ABO亚型检出率为0.031%(927/2945643);对其中192位ABO亚型重复献血者统计分析显示,所有ABO亚型的理论漏检率为27.81%。纳入漏检的亚型后,本组无偿献血者人群中ABO亚型的理论频率为0.044%。结论目前献血者的血型检测漏检了较多的ABO亚型;本研究获得了更为接近真实情况的ABO亚型人群频率。

Objective To determine the miss detection and real frequency of weak ABO subgroups among blood donors in Shanghai.Methods 2945643 blood samples were collected during Jan.2009 to Dec.2017.After screening and re-examination by automated blood group analyzers(microplate method),all ABO discrepancy samples were confirmed by tube testing and absorption-elution testing.The real frequency of ABO subgroup was gained through the number of ABO subgroup donors and theoretical miss detection rate(MDR)during 2009-2017.Results The detection rate of ABO subgroups in Shanghai blood donors was 0.031%(927/2945643)during 2009-2017.27.81%of subgroups,gained by statistical analysis of 192 subgroup blood donors that donated more than once,were missed to be identified.Taking into MDR,the real frequency of ABO subgroups in the population was 0.044%.Conclusion A large number of ABO subgroups blood donors have been missed.The frequency of ABO subgroups is much closer to the real prevalence.