胰腺癌流行病学及危险因素

Epidemiology and risk factors of pancreatic cancer

目的总结目前国内外最新胰腺癌的流行病学现状及其危险因素。方法收集国内外近年关于胰腺癌流行病学及危险因素的相关文献并加以归纳总结。结果目前,胰腺癌的整体发病率在所有恶性肿瘤中较低,但死亡率却居前列。其发病率在地区之间的差异较大,经济发达地区的发病率明显高于欠发达地区。尽管该疾病在手术治疗、化疗等领域取得一定进展,但胰腺癌患者的远期生存仍不甚理想。胰腺癌的发病与吸烟、饮酒、肥胖、饮食结构失衡、年龄、性别、血型、种族、家族史和遗传史、慢性胰腺炎、感染、肠道菌群失调等多种因素有关。结论胰腺癌的恶性度高,预后差,多种危险因素增加其患病风险。因此,应重视胰腺癌的一级预防,筛查识别高风险者,予以定期随访以期在早期得到诊断。

Objective This review aimed to summarize the current epidemiological status and risk factors of pancreatic cancer at home and abroad.Method The literatures on epidemiology and risk factors of pancreatic cancer in recent years were collected and summarized.Results Currently the overall incidence of pancreatic cancer was lower in all malignant tumors,but the mortality rate was the opposite.Incidence varies from region to region,the incidence rate in economically developed areas was higher than that of underdeveloped areas.Although the disease had made some progress in the fields of surgery,chemotherapy,an so on,the long-term survival of patients with pancreatic cancer was still not ideal.The onset of pancreatic cancer was associated with smoking,alcohol,obesity,dietary imbalance,age,gender,blood type,ethnicity,family history and genetic history,chronic pancreatitis,infection,and intestinal flora imbalance.Conclusions Pancreatic cancer is a high malignancy with a poor prognosis.It is influenced by a variety of risk factors.Therefore,it is especially necessary to pay attention to the primary prevention of pancreatic cancer and screen high-risk individuals regularly,to diagnose pancreatic cancer at an early stage.