环境司法“三审合一”的运行考察与完善进路

Operational Investigation and Improvement Way of Environmental Justice “Three Trials in One”

对环境案件实行民事、刑事、行政审判的"三审合一"改革是提高其审判质量和效率的有效措施,也是当前司法改革的重要方向之一。然而,当前环境司法"三审合一"模式在具体运作过程中,依然存在对环境"三审合一"的规律与运行机理欠缺精准把握、如何结合国家环保战略发展进行"三审合一"设置欠缺整体规划、三大诉讼程序衔接仍旧不够顺畅,以及缺乏对专业化环境审判机构建设的原则与标准等问题。因此,需要在"三审合一"制度理想模式的基础上,充分借鉴域外环境司法"三审合一"方面的经验,结合我国当前现实的环境审判制度状况,通过以统一和协作互相补充的模式实现程序的顺利衔接,以及建立分类别的环境"三审合一"审判机构等途径,实现环境司法"三审合一"模式的顺利转型。

It is an effective measure to improve the quality and efficiency of environmental cases and one of the important directions of current judicial reform to carry out the reform of"Three Trials in One"in civil,criminal and administrative trials.However,there are still some problems in the current"Three Trials in One"mode of environmental justice,such as the lack of precise grasp of the law and operation mechanism of the"Three Trials in One"mode of environmental justice,the lack of smooth convergence of the three major litigation procedures and the lack of principles and standards for the construction of specialized environmental judicial institutions.Therefore,it should be perfected from the aspects of organizing professional forces to promote the unification of theory and the optimization of practice,building a unified and cooperative complementary model to realize the smooth convergence of procedures and establishing a classified environment of"Three Trials in One"judicial organs.