2018年襄阳市中小学生视力不良影响因素分析

Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Poor Eyesight among Primary and Middle School Students in Xiangyang in 2018

目的了解襄阳市中小学生的视力状况及其影响因素,为学生视力不良的防治提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取襄阳市中小学生3 056名于2018-09/10进行视力检查和问卷调查。采用χ~2检验和Logistic回归进行视力不良单因素和多因素分析。结果发生视力不良的危险性因素中,初、高中生是小学生的3.171和6.986倍,女生(71.7%)是男生(61.5%)的1.501倍;放学后作业时长1~2(不含2 h)、2 h及以上的是不到1 h的1.283和1.3倍;6岁以后参加课外班的学生是从不参加的1.267倍,父母仅一方近视和均近视的是父母均不近视的1.779和3.16倍;发生视力不良的保护性因素中,经常或总是距书超过一尺的学生、户外活动时长1~2(不含2 h)和2 h及以上的学生、睡眠时间≥8 h的学生,OR分别为0.833、0.815、0.679、0.695。结论减少放学后作业时长、经常眼睛距书本超过一尺、增加户外活动时间、父母均不近视、充足的睡眠时间是视力不良的保护因素,应加强健康教育工作,保护中小学生的视力。

Objective To learn the prevalence and influencing factors of poor eyesight among primary and middle school students in Xiangyang,in order to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control against poor eyesight of students. Methods Totally 3 056 students among primary and middle school students in Xiangyang were randomly selected with cluster sampling method. Chi-square test and multivariate Logistic regression were used in univariate and multivariate analysis of poor eyesight. Results Among the risk factors of poor eyesight, OR value of the junior middle school students and senior high school students was 3.171 and 6.986 than primary school students. OR value of girls(71.7%) was 1.501 than boys(61.5%). OR value of the students who had 1-2 hours and more than 2 hours homework was 1.283 and 1.3 than students who had less 1 hour homework.OR value of the students who had extracurricular class after 6 years old was 1.267 than students who didn’t have extracurricular class. OR value of the students with one myopic parent and with two myopic parents was 1.779 and 3.16 than the students with vision health parents. In terms of the protective factors of poor eyesight,OR value of the students who often kept one-foot distance between eyes and books, the students who had 1-2 hours and more than 2 hours of outdoor activities, the students with more than 8 hours sleeping was 0.833, 0.815, 0.679 and0.695, respectively. Conclusion Reducing time of homework, increasing time of outdoor activities,usually keeping one-foot distance between eyes and books,parents with healthy eyesight,adequate sleep are beneficial to the protection of poor eyesight. Health education should be enhanced to protect eyesight of primary and middle school students.