2019年春节期间广东省烟花爆竹燃放管控成效评估研究

Evaluation on Control Effect of Fireworks in Guangdong Province During Spring Festival in 2019

为评估广东省2019年春节期间烟花爆竹燃放的管控成效,定量估算了烟花爆竹燃放对PM 2.5、PM 10等污染物的贡献率,结果表明:2019年广东省烟花爆竹燃放对主要污染物的平均贡献率下降了10~25个百分点,管控成效显著。部分城市管控成效未充分发挥的原因有两类:一是禁放区未及时扩大,导致近郊非禁放区的烟花爆竹燃放贡献率较大,建议该类城市扩大近郊区县禁放区范围;二是禁放区分布较为破碎导致城区空气质量受到周边烟花爆竹燃放传输影响,建议划定时应注意将禁放区连接成片。

In order to evaluate the control effect of fireworks in during spring festival in Guangdong,2019,this study calculates relative values to estimate the percent contribution of emissions from having fireworks to air pollutants like PM 2.5 and PM 10.Results show that the impacts of lighting fireworks to the average concentration rates of air pollutants in 2019 have decreased by 10 to 25 percent,which shows a remarkable success on fireworks control and management.With further analysis of typical cities,we found two reasons for the inefficient control:as the control area has not been enlarged,fireworks lighting at the outskirts of this area still caused a high concentration rate of pollutants to the central control area.These cities should expand its control area to avoid the high concentration rate of pollutants.Also,since the control areas in some cities are designated in pieces,pollutants are allowed to transfer easily within the whole region,especially central districts.These cities should connect its control areas from pieces into a one complete whole area.