辽宁省城乡居民膳食模式及其影响因素研究

Analysis of dietary patterns and influencing factors of urban and rural residents in the regions of Liaoning Province

目的 分析辽宁省城乡居民的膳食模式及其影响因素。方法 利用2010~2012年“中国居民营养与健康状况监测”项目中的辽宁省2049名居民膳食调查资料,因子分析获得膳食模式,多因素Logistic回归分析不同人口学特征对膳食模式的影响。结果 因子分析获得面类模式,米类模式和坚果模式3种膳食模式。面类模式与男性、城市居民呈正相关(P <0.01),与小学及以下文化程度人群呈负相关(P <0.01);米类模式与男性、18~<45岁、低收入水平人群呈正相关(P <0.05),与城市居民呈负相关(P <0.01);而坚果模式与小学及以下文化程度人群呈正相关(P <0.05),与男性、45~<60岁、城市居民呈负相关(P <0.05)。结论 辽宁省城乡居民有3种膳食模式;性别、年龄、地区类型、文化程度和收入水平是膳食模式的影响因素,应根据不同膳食模式的影响因素针对重点人群加强健康教育,倡导膳食平衡。

Objective To analyze the dietary patterns and influencing factors of urban and rural residents in Liaoning Province.Methods Dietary survey data of 2049 residents in Liaoning Province in the“nutrition and health monitoring of Chinese residents”project from 2010 to 2012 were used to obtain dietary patterns by factor analysis.The influence of different social demographic characteristics on dietary patterns were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results Three dietary patterns were obtained by factor analysis including flour pattern,rice pattern and nut pattern.The flour pattern was positively correlated with male and urban residents(P<0.01),which was negatively correlated with the education level of primary school or below crowd(P<0.01).The rice pattern was positively correlated with male,18-<45 years old and low income level crowds(P<0.05),which was negatively correlated with urban residents(P<0.01).Nut pattern was positively correlated with primary school education and below crowd(P<0.05),which was negatively correlated with male,45-<60 years old and urban residents(P<0.05).Conclusion There are three dietary patterns for urban and rural residents in Liaoning Province.Gender,age,region,culture degree and income level are the influencing factors of dietary patterns.Health education should be strengthened and dietary balance should be advocated for the key population according to the influencing factors of different dietary patterns.