非洲国家因孕辍学女生返校政策的推行、挑战及对策——以撒哈拉以南国家为例

The Challenges and Countermeasures in Implementing Teenage Mothers’ Re-entry Policies in African Countries: A Case Study of Sub-Saharan Countries

推进因孕辍学女生返校是近年来非洲国家基础教育颇为关注的问题。以撒哈拉以南非洲国家为例,分析各国因孕辍学女生返校政策的颁布及推行情况,发现存在政策实施缺乏清晰细则指导、政策推行缺乏有效跟进机制、传统观念难以得到及时更新、自我认同受挫导致主动退学、返校时间模糊影响教学秩序、社会保障支持体系尚未建立等挑战。为此,应当进一步加强细则指导,规范跟进机制;加强社会接纳,重塑因孕辍学女生的自我认同;明确学校职责,推进政策落地;建立和完善保障体系,积极引入国际援助。

In recent years, promoting the re-admission of adolescent girls who dropped out of school due to pregnancy has been a major concern in basic education of African countries. Taking Sub-Saharan countries as an example, this paper analyzes the promulgation and implementation of the re-entry policies in those countries. It is found that there are certain challenges, such as the lack of clear and detailed guidelines in policy implementation, the absence of effective follow-up mechanisms in policy promotion, difficulties in timely renewing traditional ideas, active drop-out brought by passive self-recognition, disturbed school order influenced by ambiguous time of returning to school, and the lack of supportive social security systems. To solve these problems, the detailed rule guidance and follow-up mechanism should be further standardized;social acceptance should be strengthened to reshape the self-recognition of girls who drop out of school because of pregnancy;the responsibility of schools to promote policy implementation should be clarified;the guarantee system should be established and improved, and international assistance should be actively introduced.