陕西地区孕妇1044例妊娠压力状况及影响因素调查研究

The situation and influence factors of maternal stress within 1044 pregnant women in Shaanxi area

目的:调查孕妇在妊娠期压力状况及其影响因素,为提出针对性的干预措施提供依据。方法:收集陕西地区孕妇1044例,采用一般资料调查表、妊娠压力量表对其进行问卷调查,分析其妊娠期间压力状况及影响因素。结果:孕妇妊娠压力总分(26.28±14.25)分,按得分指标分类,轻度压力784例(75.1%),中度压力255例(24.4%),重度压力5例(0.5%);压力源各因子中,“为确保母子健康和安全而引发的压力感”得分指标最高,为43.57%。妊娠压力的主要影响因素为:居住地类别、对住房的满意度、与伴侣母亲的关系。结论:经济状况及家庭成员情感支持是影响孕妇妊娠压力水平的重要因素,为经济困难者提供必要的社会援助、为家庭情感支持不足者实施心理干预,是缓解妊娠压力,帮助其顺利度过妊娠期,提升母婴健康水平的重要措施。

Objective:Investigate the situation and influence factors of maternal stress among pregnant women, to provide targeted interventions for pregnant women.Methods:Totally 1044 pregnant women were investigated with Maternal Stress Scale.Results:The score of maternal stress of pregnant women was 26.28±14.25.There were three stage of maternal stress,which contained 75.1% low stressor,24.4% middle stressor and 0.5% serious stressor.The strongest stressor was worrying about the maternal and neonatal health and safety with the score index 43.57%.The influence factors of maternal stress were the type of residence,the satisfaction with the housing,and the relationship with the spouse’s mother.Conclusion:The maternal pressure of pregnant women needs to be relieved.It is suggested to provide systematic health guidance and comprehensive psychological care to help them to get through the pregnancy smoothly and improve the health level of both mother and baby.