脑小血管病致血管性认知功能障碍的相关危险因素

Risk Factors Associated with Vascular Cognitive Dysfunction Caused by Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

目的研究脑小血管病致血管性认知功能障碍的危险因素。方法选取该院2016年4月—2018年1月接诊的110例脑小血管病患者进行研究,分为致血管性认知功能障碍组与认知功能正常组,各50例,对比两组患者的实验室指标。结果认知功能障碍组的患者血尿酸(290.18±82.19)μmol/L、hs-CRP(2.19±1.88)mg/L、同型胱氨酸(15.49±4.91)μmol/L与无认知障碍患者的血尿酸(288.28±79.21)μmol/L、hs-CRP(1.89±1.56)mg/L、同型胱氨酸(16.43±4.34)μmol/L对比差异有统计学意义(t=-2.018,P=0.041;t=-2.192,P=0.032;t=2.208,P=0.027)。认知功能障碍组患者的丘脑OR值2.75、95%CI(1.11~6.05),皮层或皮下层OR值5.01、95%CI(1.93~7.43),侧脑室周围白质OR值3.33、95%CI(1.59~7.38)明显高于认知功能正常组(P<0.05)。结论认知功能障碍是脑功能退化的表现,通过对脑小血管认知功能障碍患者的危险因素进行评估和防控,可以为后期的临床诊断与治疗提供参考依据。

Objective To study the risk factors of vascular cognitive dysfunction caused by cerebral small vessel disease.Methods A total of 110 patients with cerebral small vessel disease who were admitted to our hospital from April 2016 to January 2018 were enrolled.The patients were divided into vascular cognitive impairment group and normal cognitive function group.Compare the patient's laboratory indicators.Results Patients with cognitive dysfunction had serum uric acid(290.18±82.19),hs-CRP(2.19±1.88)mg/L,homocysteine(15.49±4.91)μmol/L,and uric acid(288.28±79.21)μmol/L in patients without cognitive impairment.There were significant differences between hs-CRP(1.89±1.56)μmol/L and homocysteine(16.43±4.34)μmol/L,and the comparison was statistically significant(t=-2.018,P=0.041;t=-2.192,P=0.032;t=2.208,P=0.027).In the cognitive dysfunction group,the thalamic OR values were 2.75,95%CI(1.11 to 6.05),the cortical or subcutaneous OR values were 5.01,95%CI(1.93 to 7.43),and the lateral periventricular white matter OR values were 3.33,95%CI(1.59 to 7.38)was significantly higher than the normal cognitive function group(P<0.05).Conclusion Cognitive dysfunction is a manifestation of degeneration of brain function.It can provide a reference for later clinical diagnosis and treatment by evaluating and preventing the risk factors of cerebral small vessel cognitive dysfunction.