基于多目标优化模型的城镇污水处理厂选址分析

Site Selection Analysis of the Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant Based on Multi-objective Optimization Model

综合风向、安全防卫距离、地形、水文地质等因素,利用GIS空间分析技术分析城镇污水处理厂选址范围的空间适宜性,采用近似指标权重和多目标优化方法对汉江流域上游城镇污水处理厂进行选址的优化分析。结果表明,在满足选址原则和多目标优化模型约束条件下,汉江上游流域40座城镇污水处理厂选址基本适宜,适宜的污水处理厂数量为28座,占城镇污水处理厂总数的69.5%;未同时满足选址原则和目标函数约束条件的城镇污水处理厂为12座,主要表现在卫生防护距离和距离河道的安全距离不足300m。此外,受处理工艺、污染物负荷、人口变化、居民感官等影响,其模型的优选方案与实际选址会存在一定偏差,但可为城市规划和流域治污减排提供技术支持。

The site location optimization model is consisting of the wind direction,safety distance,topography and hydrogeology,where results in the appropriate space of urban wastewater treatment plants.In this paper,we used the multi-objective optimization model and approximate criterion weighting method to analyze the site location optimization of the 40 urban wastewater treatment plants in the upper-middle Han River basin,jointly combined with GIS spatial analysis method.The results show that most of the urban wastewater treatment plants are suitable.The number of suitable wastewater treatment plant is 28,accounting for 69.5 % of the total urban wastewater treatment plant.The 12 sewage treatment plants do not meet the constraints of location principle and optimization model,the width of sanitary protection zone and the distance to the river are less than 300 m.Due to the constraints of treatment process,pollutant load,population change and residents’ senses,the results of site selection model are different from the actual site selection.However,the optimization results can provide some technical references for urban planning and pollution emission reduction.