新型农业经营主体的分类与扶持策略——基于文献梳理和“分主体扶持”政策的思考

The Classification and Support Strategy for New Agricultural Management Entities: Rethinking under the Sub-subject Support Policy and Literature

支持新型农业经营主体的发展壮大需要长期培育与短期扶持相结合,其中短期扶持应有针对性、动态性和灵活性。由于一些新型农业经营主体的边界具有模糊性,加上正处于发展变化中,经营业务及方式的延伸和相互融合使其难以统一进行准确分类。理论研究上和政策实践中对新型农业经营主体的分类不清,导致“分主体扶持”政策执行过程中出现寻租和逆向选择现象,影响到政策效果的发挥,不利于现代农业经营体系的构建。优化新型农业经营主体短期扶持的政策体系,需要进一步增强针对性和灵活性,可以尝试“分主体扶持”与“按项目扶持”相结合,规范主体管理,并建立农业经营主体的信用评价体系。

The support of the development and enlargement of new agricultural management entities needs the combination of long-term cultivation and short-term support,whose middle-term and short-term support should be pertinent,dynamic and flexible.Because of the fuzzy boundary of some new agricultural management entities,because they are in the process of development and change,the expansion of their business and methods as well as the integration of their business make their uniformly accurate classification difficulty.The unclear classification of new agricultural management entities in theory and practice causes the phenomena of recent-seeking and reverse selection in the process of the implementation of“the support policy”,which affect the role of policy effect and which are not conducive to the construction of modern agricultural business system.The optimization of the policy system of short-term support of new agricultural management entities should further be pertinent and flexible,can try to combine“the supporting of the entities”and“the supporting of the items”,standardize the entities management and set up credit evaluation system for agricultural management entities.