本地交通基础设施建设对企业区位选择的异质性影响——基于中国地级市制造业细分行业层面的实证分析

Heterogeneous Influence of Transportation Infrastructure Construction on Location Selection of Enterprises:Empirical Analysis Based on Industry Subdivision Level of the Manufacturing Industry of China’s Prefecture-level Cities

交通基础设施建设是地方政府招商引资的重要手段之一,但其对企业区位选择的影响具有异质性。基于中国地级市制造业细分行业层面的实证分析表明:本地交通基础设施建设对企业进入具有显著的促进效应,但该效应存在明显的区域异质性和产业异质性;相对于其他地区和产业,在贸易开放水平较高地区、沿海地区和交通网络中心地区,对交通依赖度较高的“交通密集型产业”、缴税较少和效率较低的“非期望产业”,本地交通基础设施建设具有更强的吸引企业进入效应;此外,本地交通基础设施建设和贸易开放均能促进企业进入,且两者的吸引企业进入效应是相互强化的。地方政府应重视交通基础设施建设对企业区位选择的差异性影响,促进交通基础设施建设与产业发展的联动协同;在积极推进本地交通基础设施建设的同时,协同改善影响营商环境的其他各种因素;积极对接国家交通网络布局,合理布局本地交通基础设施建设。

Transportation infrastructure is an important means for local governments to attract investment,but under the condition of open trade,the impact of transportation infrastructure on the location choice of enterprises is heterogeneous.The empirical analysis based on industry subdivision level of the manufacturing industry of China’s prefecture-level cities shows that there is significant boosting effect of local transportation infrastructure construction on the attraction of the enterprises,but this effect has obvious regional and industrial heterogeneity,that compared with other regions and industries,in the regions with high trade openness level,in coastal area,in transportation network center area,for“transportation intensive industries”with high dependence degree on transportation,and for“non-expectation industries” with less tax payment and with low efficiency,there is more strong effect of local transportation infrastructure construction on the attraction of the enterprises.In addition,local transportation infrastructure construction and trade openness both can boost the attraction of the enterprises,and the two effects support each other.Local governments should uphold the heterogeneous impact of transportation infrastructure on the location choice of the enterprises,promote the cooperation between transportation infrastructure construction and industrial development,improve business environment and other factors while actively boosting local transportation infrastructure construction,actively integrate local transportation into national transportation system,and rationally lay out local transportation infrastructure construction.