“三权分置”背景下农村土地经营权融资担保面临的问题与对策

Problems and Countermeasures of the Financing Guarantee of Rural Land Management Right under the Background of Three Rights Division

农村土地经营权融资担保是放活土地经营权的一种方式。农村土地经营权融资担保是农村土地财产属性的应有题中之义,各地开展不同类型的土地经营权融资担保实践,为土地经营权融资担保的制度建构提供了可供参考的样本。农村土地经营权融资担保抵押主体不明确、抵押客体界定不清楚和价值评估体系不完善等问题,严重影响了土地经营权人和金融机构从事土地经营权融资担保的积极性。农村土地经营权融资担保抵押权人只能是银行等金融机构;抵押人既包括农户也包括其他农业经营主体;土地经营权的变现宜采取公力实现方式和私力实现方式,以保证债权人银行等金融机构实现债权。

The financing guarantee of rural land management right is a way to invigorate the land management right.The financing guarantee of rural land management right is part of the property attribute of rural land.Different types of financing guarantee practice of land management right are carried out in various places,which provides a sample of reference for the construction of the financing guarantee system of land management right.The unclear financing guarantee mortgage subject of rural land management right,the unclear definition of mortgage object and the imperfect value evaluation system seriously affect the enthusiasm of land management right holders and financial institutions engaged in land management right financing guarantee.The mortgagee of the financing guarantee of the rural land management right can only be the bank and other financial institutions;the mortgagor includes both farmers and other agricultural management subjects;the realization of the land management right should be realized by the public and private forces,in order to ensure the rights realization of creditor such as banks and other financial institutions.