牙冠延长术在残根残冠患者中的临床效果及对咀嚼功能的影响研究

An influential study on crown lengthening in masticatory function for patients with residual root and crown

目的探讨牙冠延长术在残根残冠患者中的临床效果及对咀嚼功能的影响。方法选2015年1月至2017年11月唐山市协和医院收治的180例残根冠患者进行回顾性分析,根据治疗方法不同将其分为对照组和研究组,每组各90例,其中对照组患者给予牙龈切除术,研究组患者给予牙冠延长术,对比研究两组患者在治疗前和术后6周、术后3个月以及术后6个月的牙周指数、治疗后的患者满意程度、临床效果、牙齿松动度以及咀嚼功能。结果治疗前,两组患者的龈沟出血指数(SBI)、牙周袋深度指数(PD)、菌斑指数(PLI)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,两组患者SBI、PD、PLI均较治疗前明显降低,差异有显著性(P<0.05),研究组患者的SBI、PD、PLI值在术后6周分别为1.52±0.45、0.78±0.28、0.42±0.49,术后3个月数值分别为1.54±0.52、0.84±0.24、0.38±0.41,术后6个月数值分别为1.52±0.32、0.81±0.49、0.43±0.46,均小于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组患者治疗后语言功能(9.01±3.76分)、固位功能(8.02±1.53分)、美观功能(9.02±1.43分)满意度评分均明显高于对照组(7.83±2.43分,6.64±1.43分,7.11±0.74分),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组患者的治疗有效率(92.2%)明显高于对照组(70.0%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组患者术后各时间点牙齿松动率均明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组患者的咀嚼功能差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后研究组患者的咀嚼功能显著好于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论牙冠延长术在残根残冠患者中的临床效果明显,可以有效降低牙齿松动率,改善咀嚼功能,患者满意度和安全性较高,值得在临床上推广应用。

Objective To explore the influence of crown lengthening in masticatory function of patients with residual root and crown.Methods The clinical data of 180 patients with residual root cap treated in this hospital during January 2015 to November 2017 were retrospectively analyzed,according to different therapeutic methods,they were divided into control group and therapeutic group,90 cases in each group.Patients in control group were given with gum resection,patients in therapeutic group were given with crown prolonging.A comparative study of these two groups of patients before treatment and 6 weeks after operation,postoperative 3 months and 6 months after periodontal treatment,the satisfaction degree of patteints,clinical effect after treatment,the degree of loose teeth and chewing function were compared between these patients.Results Before treatment,there was no significant difference in sulcus bleeding index(SBI),periodontal pocket depth index(PD),and plaque index(PLI)between these two groups(P>0.05).After treatment,SBI,PD and PLI of these two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(P<0.05).SBI,PD and PLI of patients in study group were 1.52±0.45,0.78±0.28 and 0.42±0.49 in 6 weeks after operation,1.54±0.52,0.84±0.24 and 0.38±0.41 in 3 months after operation,and 1.52±0.32,0.81±0.49 and 0.43±0.46 in 6 months after operation,respectively,they were lower than those of control group.However,there was no significant statistical difference(P>0.05).After treatment,the satisfaction scores of language function(9.01±3.76),retention function(8.02±1.53)and aesthetic function(9.02±1.43)in study group were significantly higher than those of control group(7.83±2.43,6.64±1.43,and 7.11±0.74),with significant difference(P<0.05).The effective rate of treatment in study group(92.2%)in comparison with control group(70.0%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The tooth loosening rate of study group was significantly lower than that of control group at all time points after operation,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the chewing function of study group was significantly better than that of control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Crown lengthening has obvious clinical effect in patients with residual roots and crowns,it can effectively reduce the rate of tooth loosening and improve the chewing function.It has higher satisfaction and safety of patients,and it has prominent clinical significance,hence it is worthy to be applied for further promotion and in clinical practice.