人格权法的新发展与我国民法典人格权编的完善

The New Development of Personality Right Law and the Perfection of the Part of Personality Right in China’s Civil Code

自第二次世界大战以来,民法的人格权制度迅速发展,主要表现在人格权从消极保护到积极确权,具体人格权的类型日益丰富,强化了对生命尊严的保护,确认了一般人格权制度,隐私权的内涵和外延迅速拓展,各国普遍重视对个人信息的保护,日益注重人格权的商业化利用,人格权保护方式的多层次和多样化,人格权越来越多地受到国际法的保护。为适应人格权制度的发展需要,我国正在编纂的民法典应当构建较为完整的人格权体系适应人格权益发展的需要,规定一般人格权制度,细化人格权的具体规则,强化对人格尊严的维护,进一步完善人格权的商业化利用规则,在人格权保护方面,应当强调预防与救济并重。

Since the Second World War, the personality right in civil law has developed rapidly. It has developed from passive protection to positive confirmation, and the detailed categories have been enriched a lot, which has emphasized the protection of human dignity and established the general personality right. With the connotation and denotation of the right of privacy being expanded extensively, more and more states begin to emphasize the protection of the personal information right and pay more attention to the commercial use of the personality right, thus the way of protecting the personality right gets diversified and more and more personality rights have been protected by the international law. Corresponding to the development of the system of the personality right, the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China, which is being compiled now, should establish an integrated personality right system that is consistent with the development of the personality right;establish the general rules of the personality right and detail the specific regulations;emphasize the protection of human dignity and polish the rules of the commercial use of the personality right. In the protection of the right to personality, both prevention and remedy should be emphasized.