佛山市南海区流动儿童免疫规划管理模式现况与分析

Evaluation on Immunization Program Promotion Project for Migrant Children in Nanhai District, Foshan

目的分析评价流动儿童免疫规划多部门合作试点运行状况,为继续提高流动儿童发现率,提升其免疫规划工作水平提供依据。方法在与联合国儿童基金会合作的流动儿童免疫规划促进项目中,佛山市南海区建立起流动儿童发现及转介机制。在此基础上,采用问卷调查方式,将311名基层防保人员和342名村级流动人口管理人员分为两组进行调查,应用Epi‐Data 3.0软件录入调查数据,用SPSS软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果65.0%的防保人员从事预防接种工作,超过50.0%的人员同时兼做其他岗位工作;83.8%的防保人员利用手机短信,多半人通过下乡查漏、给居委会发通知、根据居委会提供的流动儿童名单等措施提高流动儿童接种率。据外来儿童登记簿和计生部门提供出生儿童资料发现流动儿童,两组的认可度不同(P<0.05)。38.0%的人员反映流动儿童越来越少,76.8%的防保人员和56.8%的流动人口管理者人认为家长不配合(P<0.01)。两组都有近60.0%人员认为其他工作太多,难以兼顾这项工作(P>0.05),普遍认为提高奖励、合理分配奖励金和简化流程是提高流动儿童发现率的有效措施。结论在项目实施阶段建立的流动儿童发现及转介机制可有效地发现流动儿童,提高其免疫规划接种率,有必要争取资金推广实施,确保该机制的长期、可持续运行。

OBJECTIVE To analyze and evaluate the pilot operation of multi-sectoral cooperation in immunization program for migrant chil dren,and provide basis for continuing to improve the detection rate of migrant children and the immunization level.METHODS In the project of immunization program promotion for migrant children in cooperation with UNICEF,the mechanism of detection and referral of migrant children was established Nanhai District,Foshan.On this basis,311 grass-roots preventive workers and 342 village-level float ing population managers were divided into two groups by questionnaire survey.EpiData Software 3.0 was used to input the survey data,and SPSS software was used to make statistical analysis.RESULTS 65.0%of the staff engaged in vaccination work,more than 50%of them took part in other jobs at the same time;83.8%of the preventive health workers used mobile phone text messages,and most of them improved the vaccination rate of migrant children by checking leaks in the countryside,issuing notifications to the neighborhood committee,and according to the list of migrant children provided by the neighborhood committee.Most of the managers of migrant popula tion found migrant children through inspections,and worked on on-site registration and distribution of contact cards or registration of mi grant children in the“register of migrant children”.Most of the two groups found migrant children during leak detection in the country side,while there were differents in finding the migrant children based on the registration of migrant children and the birth data provided by the family planning department between the two groups(χ2 were 3.92 and 5.21,respectively,P<0.05).38%of the population report ed that there were fewer and fewer migrant children.76.8%of the preventive health workers and 56.8%of the managers of the migrant population thought that their parents did not cooperate(χ2=24.8,P<0.01).Nearly 60%of the staff in both groups thought that there were too many other jobs and hard to take the work(χ2=0.41,P>0.05).It was generally believed that the effective measures to improve the de tection rate of migrant children were to increase incentives,rationally distribute incentives and simplify the process.CONCLUSION The migrant children detection and referral mechanism section established in the implementation stage of the project could effectively identify migrant children and improve their immunization coverage rate.It was necessary to obtain funds to ensure the long-term and sustainable operation of the mechanism.