脑出血女性患者低骨密度相关危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors associated with low bone mineral density in female patients with cerebral hemorrhage

目的 观察脑出血(ABI) 女性患者低骨密度相关危险因素。 方法 这是一项ABI患者的横断面研究,选取2016年3月至2018年5月因ABI导致残疾至少3个月且年龄在50岁以上的绝经后女性。检测患者的骨密度和收集一般临床资料,分析相关性。 结果 共有200名绝经后ABI女性纳入本研究。年龄57.6±13.8岁;体重61.7±10.6 kg;其中中风116例,创伤性脑损伤45例以及其他原因39例;吸烟者36例,饮酒者54例;无法走路52例(25.0%);室内步行38例(19.0%);户外步行110例(55.0%);124例(62.0%)患者出现骨质减少,76例(38.0%)患有骨质疏松症。能够在户外行走的患者在股骨颈处的BMD显著高于仅在室内行走的和完全不能行走者( P <0.001)。在多元线性回归分析中,活动能力和残疾持续时间是股骨颈和股骨近端低骨密度的独立预测因素。 结论 活动能力和残疾持续时间是女性患者股骨颈和股骨近端低骨密度危险因素。

Objective To observe the risk factors of low bone mineral density (BMD) in female patients with cerebral hemorrhage (ABI). Methods This is a cross-sectional study of a postmenopausal woman with ABI who were over 50 years of age and disabled for at least 3 months from March 2016 to May 2018. BMD of the patients was measured and the general clinical data were collected to analyze the correlation. Results The average age of the participants was 57.6±13.8 years. A total of 200 postmenopausal ABI women were included in the study. The age was 57.6±13.8 years old. The body weight was 61.7±10.6 kg. There were 116 cases of stroke, 45 cases of traumatic brain injury, and 39 cases of other causes. Among them, 36 cases were smokers and 54 cases were drinkers, 52 cases (25.0%) were unable to walk, 38 patients (19.0) walked indoor and 110 patients (55.0%) walked outdoors. 124 patients (62.0%) developed osteopenia and 76 patients (38.0%) suffered from osteoporosis. Patients who were able to walk outdoors had significantly higher BMD at the femoral neck than those who were only walking indoors and those who were completely unable to walk ( P < 0.001). In multiple linear regression analysis, activity capacity and duration of disability were independent predictors of BMD of the proximal femur and femoral neck. Conclusion Activity capacity and duration of disability are risk factors for low BMD of the femoral neck and proximal femur in female patients.