走出怪圈：产业扶贫中基层政府治理转型的多重逻辑——基于建始县的纵向案例分析

Getting out of the Vicious Cycle: Multiple Logics of the Transformation of Grassroots Governance in the Industrial Poverty Alleviation Model:A Longitudinal Case Analysis of Jianshi County

在产业扶贫中,基层政府的治理行为受到科层制逻辑、合作治理逻辑和乡村逻辑的共同作用。基层政府能否从主导者转向引导者取决于其对冲突目标的理性权衡、资源和治权的共享程度以及乡村社会的组织化水平。建始县近十年产业扶贫的案例显示,基层政府的治理转型并不要求每条制度逻辑都处于理想状态,其关键在于在契合环境的基础上实现三者的有机结合,并通过资源的高效利用、权力的有效制衡以及各方收益的绝对增加来保持治理系统的稳定性。其中,实现集中与分权相结合、推动资源网络化流动、嵌入外部治理主体、包容各类制度逻辑是有效的转型路径。在基层政府治理转型具有制度惯性的情况下,这种“分逻辑存在瑕疵而总逻辑达到相对平衡”的权变多重逻辑观为理解该进程提供了一个渐进的观察视角,也丰富了多重制度逻辑框架的理论内涵。

In the process of industrial poverty alleviation,the governance of local governments is jointly influenced by a logic of bureaucracy,a logic of cooperative governance and a logic in rural areas.Whether local government can change from“the leader”to“the guider”depends on its rational balance of conflict objectives,the sharing of resources and governance,as well as the organization level of the rural society.The cases in the industrial poverty alleviation model in Jianshi County in recent ten years show that effective governance transformation does not require each institutional logic to be in an ideal state.The key is to achieve an organic combination of the three on the basis of the environment,and to maintain the stability of the governance system through efficient use of resources,effective check and balance of power and absolute increase in benefits of all parties.Among them,the effective transformation path is to realize the combination of centralization and decentralization,promote network flow of resources,introduce external governance actors,and include various institutional logics.In the case of institutional inertia in the transformation of grassroots governance,this multiple logic concept that“the sub-logic is defective while the overall logic reaches a relative balance”provides a gradual perspective for understanding the process,and enriches the theoretical connotation of the multiple institutional logic framework.