磨盘山典型森林生态系统土壤营养元素储量及其价值量评估

Soil Nutrient Storage and Its Value Assessment of Typical Forest Ecosystems in the Mopan Mountains

选取滇中高原磨盘山云南松林、华山松林、高山栎林、滇油杉林、常绿阔叶林共5种典型森林生态系统为研究对象,对其土壤层有机碳、氮、磷、钾元素储量进行了分析,并对价值量进行了评估,以期充分了解滇中高原磨盘山典型森林生态系统营养元素储量特点。结果表明:(1)不同林地土壤层(0-20cm)的有机碳、全氮、全磷含量均高于下层(20-40cm,40-60cm)土壤,而全钾含量则在40-60cm土层最大;常绿阔叶林土壤有机碳和全氮平均含量最高,其含量分别为61.23g/kg和1.79g/kg,而华山松林土壤全磷平均含量(0.37 g/kg)和土壤全钾平均含量(7.05g/kg)最高;(2)5种典型森林土壤层(0-60cm)有机碳、全氮和全磷储量均表现为表层高,而全钾则为底层最高,此5种典型森林土壤层有机碳、全氮、全磷、全钾的平均储量分别为157.10 t/hm^2、3.58t/hm^2、1.42t/hm^2和30.96t/hm^2;5种典型森林生态系统土壤层有机碳总储量以滇油杉林(240.59 t/hm^2)最高,常绿阔叶林全氮的总储量(6.39t/hm^2)最高,而云南松林全磷(2.00t/hm^2)和全钾(42.58 t/hm^2)储量最高;(3)5种典型森林土壤层(0-60cm)有机碳、全氮、全磷、全钾平均价值总量为30.69×10^4元/hm^2,其中价值总量以云南松林最高,为35.50×10^4元/hm^2,华山松林最低,为26.99×10^4元/hm^2;土壤固碳价值量平均为8.67×10^4元/hm^2,固氮价值量平均为6.13×10^4元/hm^2,固定全磷和全钾的平均价值量分别为2.27×10^4元/hm^2和13.62×10^4元/hm^2;在有机碳及N、P、K营养元素储量总价值中各元素价值的贡献率以全钾最大(44.39%)。

In this paper,the content,storage and economic value of C,N,P and K were tested and calculated in five typical forest ecosystems at the Mopan Mountains in Central Yunnan Plateau,including Pinus yunnanensis forest,Pinus armandii forest,Quercus semecarpifolia forest,Keteleeria evelynianat forest and Evergreen broad-leaved forest.The result showed that:(1)The different forest soil layers’content of C,N and P was showed that the content in layer(0-20cm)was higher than that in the lower layer(20-40cm,40-60cm),while the content of K was the largest in 40-60cm soil layer.The average content of soil C and N in the Evergreen broad-leaved forest was the highest,and the content was 61.23g/kg and 1.79g/kg.While the average content of soil P(0.37g/kg)and K(7.05g/kg)in Pinus armandii forest was the highest.(2)The surface layer’s storage of C,N and P was the highest in all five typical forest soil layers(0-60cm),while the storage of K was showed that the bottom layer’s storage was the highest.And the average storage of C,N,P and K in five typical forest soil layers(0-60cm)respectively was 157.10t/hm 2,3.58t/hm^2,1.42t/hm^2 and 30.96t/hm^2.The Keteleeria evelynianat forest’s total storage of C(240.59t/hm^2)was the highest,while the Evergreen broad-leaved forest’s total storage of N(6.39t/hm^2)was the highest,and the highest total storage of P and K in five typical forest soil layers was Pinus yunnanensis forest’s,which was 2.00t/hm^2,42.58t/hm^2.(3)The total economic value of the storage of C,N,P and K of soil in five typical forests was 30.69 ten thouand yuan/hm^2,and the Pinus yunnanensis forest’s value was highest,which was 35.50 ten thouand yuan/hm^2.While the Pinus armandii forest’s was the lowest,which was 26.99×10^4 yuan/hm^2.And the average economic value of the storage of C,N,P,K was 8.67×10^4 yuan/hm^2,6.13×10^4 yuan/hm^2,2.27×10^4 yuan/hm 2,13.62×10^4 yuan/hm^2.The contribution rate of K was the highest in all of the nutrient economic value,which was 44.39%and followed by was C,N,P.