不同品种郁金香鲜切花物质积累及分配的模拟

Simulation Model of Material Accumulation and Distribution of Fresh Cut Tulips of Different Varieties

利用4类不同花期品种多播期水培方式的郁金香(Tulipa gesneriana L)试验观测数据,以标准化有效积温(StanGDD)为环境驱动变量,定量分析郁金香各器官干鲜物质积累及分配指数随标准化有效积温的变化规律,统计分析拟合得出回归方程,并利用相互独立的试验数据进行模型验证,以探究郁金香物质积累及分配与日光温室内气象环境要素之间的定量化关系。结果表明:(1)郁金香根、茎和叶的干鲜物质积累随StanGDD均表现出Logistic曲线的变化过程;种球的鲜物质积累不随StanGDD的变化而变化,而干物质积累随StanGDD呈先下降后增加的二次函数变化过程;花蕾的干鲜物质积累随StanGDD均表现出先增加后下降的二次函数变化过程。干鲜物质积累模型模拟的精度大小顺序依次为茎/花<根<叶片<种球。(2)茎和叶的干鲜物质分配指数随StanGDD均表现出Logistic曲线的变化过程;种球的干鲜物质分配指数随StanGDD呈先下降后增加的变化过程,而花蕾的干鲜物质分配指数呈现与其相反的变化过程;根的干鲜物质分配指数随StanGDD均表现出线性下降的变化过程。干鲜物质分配指数模型模拟的精度大小顺序依次为茎<根和花蕾<叶片<种球。(3)不同器官的干物质积累和分配模型的模拟精度比鲜物质的模拟精度高。总体而言,构建的日光温室郁金香鲜切花物质积累及分配的模拟模型具有较高的模拟精度。

With the increase of flower tourism projects,seedballs were imported about 17 million dollar to China in 2017,mainly towards lilies and tulips,and the demand for tulip seedball has also increasing significantly.Therefore,it is important to explore the quantitative relationship between the accumulation and distribution of tulip matter and meteorological environmental factors in solar greenhouse,and to establish a simulation model of dry and fresh matter accumulation and distribution index.The experiment was carried out in the international flower port solar greenhouse base named B2 in Yangzhen(40°10′27″N,116°47′41″E,altitude 38m),Shunyi district,Beijing in 2016?2017.By means of collecting tulip experiment observation data of four kinds of different varieties(‘Pink Impression’;‘Daydream’;‘Esmee’and‘Queen of Night’),correspondingly,which were divided to four types of florescence(early blossoming,medium blossoming,later blossoming and very later blossoming),in growing seasons by multicast hydroponic way.StanGDD(Standardized growing degree days)was used as the environment driving variable to quantitatively analyze the variation law of dry and fresh matter accumulation and distribution index of different organs of tulip.The regression equations were obtained through statistical analysis and fitting,and used the independent experiment data to verify the model.The results showed that,firstly,the accumulation of dry and fresh matter in roots,stems and leaves revealed a Logistic curve with StanGDD.The accumulation of fresh matter in seedballs were not changed with StanGDD,but the accumulation of dry matter in it showed a quadratic function which decreased first and then increased with StanGDD.The accumulation of dry and fresh matter in flowers revealed a quadratic function which increased first and then decreased with StanGDD.The accuracy of dry and fresh matter accumulation model ranked by stem and flower<root<leaf<seedball.Secondly,the dry and fresh matter distribution index of stems and leaves showed a Logistic curve with StanGDD.The dry and fresh matter distribution of seedballs index revealed a quadratic function which decreased first and then increased with StanGDD,but the dry and fresh matter distribution index of flowers displayed the opposite tendency.The dry and fresh matter distribution index of roots displayed a decreased linear with StanGDD.The accuracy of dry and fresh matter distribution index model ranked by stem<root and bud<leaf<seedball.Thirdly,the simulation accuracy of dry matter accumulation and distribution model of different organs were higher than that of fresh matter.In general,the simulation model of matter accumulation and distribution of tulip in solar greenhouse had a high simulation accuracy.