制度缺陷及摩擦对空间效率的影响机制——以深圳市为例

Effect of Institutional Defects and Friction on Urban Spatial Efficiency: A Case Study of Shenzhen City

以深圳市企业代征地遗留用地演变过程为例,引入合约理论建立土地历史遗留问题分析框架,剖析渐进式的制度构建模式对空间效率的影响机制。结果表明:渐进式制度构建模式对空间效率的负面影响主要有3种机制。一是逐渐完善的制度引发的合约缺陷,包括空间合约内容的不完全和治理结构失效;二是制度摩擦及成本扭曲导致合约交易费用的增加;三是权利认知差异导致的长期博弈及效率损失。3种影响仍然广泛存在,要尽量降低制度摩擦、加快空间制度融合,优化合约结构、推进政府职能转变以提高空间利用效率。已经形成的问题需在认可认知权利前提下,在法定权利和认知权利的重合地带进一步协调,避免长期对峙。

Based on the‘institutional change-property rights change-space response’analytical paradigm,analyzed the reasons for the formation of enterprise land acquisition problems in Shenzhen City from the perspective of contract theory.Studies suggest that there are three main mechanisms,including the contractual defects caused by the gradual improvement system and the transaction cost increase caused by institutional friction and distortions as well as the long-term game and efficiency loss caused by the difference of rights cognition.The influence of the three mechanisms is still widespread.So efforts should be taken to reduce the system friction,accelerate the integration of the space system,optimize the contract structure,and promote the transformation of government functions to improve the efficiency of space utilization.The existing problems need to be further coordinated in the overlapping areas of legal rights and cognitive rights under the premise of recognition of cognitive rights so as to avoid long-term confrontation.