丹江湿地国家级自然保护区及其内外区域2000—2015年土地覆被变化分析

Analysis of Landcover Change in Danjiang Wetland National Nature Reserve and Its Internal and External Areas from 2000 to 2015

为研究2000—2015年丹江湿地国家级自然保护区及其内外生态状况变化和保护成效,基于高分1号数据生产的2 m高分辨率遥感影像数据对丹江湿地国家级自然保护区2015年人类活动状况进行分析,基于30 m分辨率的4期TM遥感影像生产的土地覆被数据和基于Modis遥感影像生产的植被覆盖度数据,对淅川县、丹江湿地国家级自然保护区及其核心区的土地覆被状况、土地覆被转类指数及其土地覆被转类途径的主导程度和3个相关区域范围内的生态系统质量以及不同区域土地覆被变化的主要变化原因进行分析。结果表明,保护区核心区的格局和质量在该区域处于最优,且土地覆被变化状况也以核心区转类指数最高;丹江湿地国家级自然保护区内的主要人类活动影响为耕地,其次包括居民点、采石场、养殖场;15年间,保护区内外土地覆被均呈现转好趋势,但是保护区内变化优于保护区外,保护区核心区优于整个保护区,且转好的主导因素均是耕地变为湿地;15年间植被覆盖度变化较小。

In order to study the changes and conservation effects of Danjiang Wetland National Nature Reserve and its internal and external ecological conditions from 2000 to 2015,based on 2 m high resolution remotesensing image data produced by GF-1 to analyze the human activities in Danjiang Wetland National Nature Reserve in 2015,based on the land cover data of four TM remote sensing images with 30 m resolution and the vegetation coverage data of Modis remote sensing images,the land cover status,the dominant degree of land cover conversion index and the way of land cover conversion in Xichuan County,Danjiang Wetland National Nature Reserve and its core areas,the ecosystem quality in three relevant regions and the main reasons of the land cover change in different regions were analyzed.The results showed that the pattern and quality of the core area of the reserve were the best in this area,and the conversion index of the core area was the highest.The main influence of human activities in Danjiang Wetland National Nature Reserve was cultivated land,followed by residential areas,quarry and aquaculture farms.In the past 15 years,the land cover inside and outside the reserve showed a good trend,but the change in the reserve was better than that outside the reserve.The core area is better than the whole protected area,and the main factor for the improvement is that cultivated land becomes wetland,and the change of vegetation coverage is small in the past 15 years.