一种全站仪不整平后方交会测量数据处理模型研究

Research for a Resection Data Processing Model of ETS without Leveling

全站仪设站测量的人工整平是目前既有线铁路天窗期外业轨道测量效率高低的重要影响因素。为了实现全站仪的不整平后方交会测量,本文首先提出了基于斜距观测值的三维后方交会测量平差模型,经过实验验证发现,基于单一斜距观测值的后方交会测量平差模型存在一定缺陷。之后对上述平差模型进行了两种不同方法的改进,分别是基于斜距观测值的后方交会测量迭代平差和斜距观测值与竖盘读数观测值逐次平差。经实验数据验证与分析,改进后的两种平差模型均可以计算出较为可靠的后方交会点三维坐标与设站精度,说明改进模型具有可行性,同时提出了该方向需要继续深入研究的问题。

At present,the manual leveling of ETS setting station to measure is an important factor for the low track measurement efficiency of existing railway line in sunroof time.In order to achieve the resection without leveling of ETS,a adjustment model of three-dimensional resection based on slant distance observations has been proposed firstly.It was found by the experiment that there is certain flaw in this model based on simplex slant distance observations.And then,two different methods of improvement to the above adjustment model have been made,which are resection iteration adjustment based on slant distance observations and progressive adjustment based on slant distance observations and vertical dial reading observations.After verifying and analyzing by experimental data,the reliable three-dimensional coordinates and station setting precision of respected point can be calculated by the two improved adjustment models.It shows that this improved model has feasibility.At the same time,the problems that need to be further studied are expected in this field.