盘式制动器结构对汽车制动中热机耦合特性的影响分析

Effect of different disc brake structures on the thermo-mechanical coupling characteristics during automobile braking

针对结构不同的盘式制动器,建立了在某紧急制动工况下制动盘的三维瞬态热机耦合计算模型,运用有限元方法模拟了盘式制动器的制动过程。通过分析比较不同结构对制动盘在紧急制动工况下温度场的径向分布、峰值热应力与热弹性变形情况,讨论了制动盘结构对制动效果的影响。结果表明:通风制动盘能够明显降低制动时制动盘温度和应力,对改善制动效能的恒定性具有积极作用。

Based on two kinds of automobile disc brakes with different structures, the brake disc finite element(FE) models which can calculate the three-dimensional transient thermo-mechanical coupling process was developed. And the FE models was used to simulate the braking process of the disc brake by using FE method. Comparing the radial distribution of temperature field and the peak thermal stress and thermoelastic deformation of brake disc with different structures under emergency braking condition, the effect of disc brake structures on the braking properties was analyzed. The results showed that the ventilation brake disc could obviously reduce the temperature and stress of the brake disc, which means that it had a positive effect on improving the braking efficiency.