喷嘴结构对耙吸挖泥船高压冲水性能影响的试验研究

Experimental study on influence of nozzle structure on high pressure flushing performance of trailing suction dredger

耙吸挖泥船的喷嘴结构对高压冲水的射流特性有着重要的影响作用,通过模型试验方法对不同锥角和不同直管段长度的喷嘴射流特性进行了试验研究,并从扩散角和5D(D为喷嘴的出口直径)射流距离处的扩散宽度进行了对比分析。试验分析结果显示,对于不同锥角喷嘴的射流特性,13°锥角喷嘴的射流性能最优,18°锥角喷嘴的射流性能次之,23°锥角喷嘴的射流性能相对较差;对比分析不同直管段长度喷嘴,直管段长度为1D和2D的扩散角度和扩散宽度均大于3D^5D直管段长度的喷嘴,且3D^5D直管段长度喷嘴的扩散角和扩散宽度相差较小,即3D^5D直管段长度具有较优的射流性能。

The nozzle structure of the trailing suction dredger has an important influence on the jet characteristics of highpressure flushing.The jet characteristics of nozzles with different cone angles and different lengths of straight pipe are experimentally studied by model test,and the diffusion angle and the diffusion width at 5D(D is the outlet diameter of the nozzles)jet distance are compared and analyzed.The experimental results show that for the jet characteristics of different cone angle nozzles,the jet performance of 13°cone angle nozzle is the best,the jet performance of 18°cone angle nozzle is the second,and the jet performance of 23°cone angle nozzle is relatively poor.Comparing and analyzing the nozzles with different straight pipe lengths,the diffusion angle and width of straight pipe length 1D and 2D are both larger than those of 3D^5D straight pipe length,and the difference of 3D^5D straight pipe length nozzles is small on the diffusion angle and width.3D^5D straight pipe length has better jet performance.