“福利污名”在农村低保中真实存在吗？——兼析农村低保家计调查目标定位方法的变通执行

The Myth of Welfare Stigma in Rural Minimum Living-hood Guarantee Scheme——Discussion on the Misimplementation of Means Test as Targeting

国外学术界对家计调查型社会救助是否会致使申请者、受助者及其家庭成员蒙受福利污名莫衷一是,国内学术界对福利污名在以家计调查作为目标定位方法的低保中是否真实存在也存有分歧。在对中部地区某县调查的基础上发现多种目标定位并行、“不要白不要”的低保文化蔓延以及变通执行张榜公示致使福利污名在农村低保中不存在。家计调查在农村地区不具备实施的必要条件和手段是农村低保的目标定位方法需要改革的深层次原因。

Scholars,at home and abroad,have controversy on whether welfare stigma is actually existed either on social assistant or Rural Minimum Living-hood Guarantee Scheme,since both of them apply means test to targeting.Based on the field investigation at a central Chinese county,it has been found that there is a myth of welfare stigma in Rural Minimum Living-hood Guarantee Scheme.From the research,three reasons leading to the above results:multi-methods of targeting;the custom of keen on allowance as a free lunch;irregular proclamation.In a word,It is the high time that targeting should be reformed as the lack of necessary condition and methods to implement means test in rural areas.