肾脏病蛋白质能量代谢与肠道黏膜免疫研究进展

Research progress in protein-energy metabolism and intestinal mucosa immunization in kidney diseases

免疫代谢主要研究免疫与代谢在生理及疾病中的相互影响,近年取得了引人瞩目的进展。免疫细胞糖类、脂质、蛋白质代谢的改变影响细胞增殖及功能状态,进而参与疾病生理病理发生机制。新近认为天然或获得性免疫系统参与了既往所认为非免疫性疾病如肥胖等疾病代谢与免疫方面的异常,增加2型糖尿病、心血管疾病、癌症或神经退行性病变的易感性。在肾脏病患者中,代谢紊乱与疾病进展互为因果。近年来有部分研究提示免疫代谢参与疾病发生及进展,并可作为干预靶点。因此,文章着重探讨免疫代谢尤其蛋白质能量代谢在肾脏病中的作用。

Immunometabolism, focusing on the changes in intracellular metabolic pathways in immune cells that alter their function, is one of the most important research fields in recent years. Researches on the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids,and proteins of immune cells shed important light on a better understanding of the physiological and pathological mechanisms of several diseases. For example, innate and adaptive immunity have been recently confirmed to be involved in obesity, further increasing risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer and neurodegenerative disease. Interactions between metabolic aberrations and chronic kidney diseases always lead to a vicious spiral in disease etiology and progression. Up to date, emerging evidence has also indicated a therapeutic role of immune-metabolism. In this perspective,we aim to discuss some of these novel findings, with a special focus on how protein metabolism shaping immune system and gut microbiome in kidney disease. We hope the readers find our account understandable, interesting and thought-provoking for their own research.