全面二孩政策实施前后孕产妇妊娠特征与剖宫产率研究

Research on pregnancy characteristics and cesarean section rate of pregnant women before and after the implementation of comprehensive two-child policy

目的:了解全面二孩政策实施前后孕产妇一般妊娠资料及剖宫产率的差异,为降低剖宫产率提供依据。方法:选择2017年1月1日~2017年12月31日在武汉市某三甲医院住院分娩的产妇为观察组,2015年1月1日~2015年12月31日在武汉市某三甲医院住院分娩的产妇为对照组。对两组孕产妇年龄、孕产次、剖宫产率等资料进行回顾性分析,并对剖宫产率按照初产妇、经产妇类型进行分层研究。结果:全面二孩政策实施之后,高龄、经产妇人数增加,孕次及产次在增加,总体剖宫产率及初产妇剖宫产率下降,经产妇剖宫产率未发生改变,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:全面二孩政策实施之后,孕产妇一般妊娠资料及剖宫产率发生改变,为保证二孩政策顺利实施及保障母婴安全应鼓励适龄妊娠,降低剖宫产率,并且初产妇是医院降低剖宫产率的重点干预人群。

Objective Understand the differences in general pregnancy data and cesarean section rate of pregnant women before and after the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy,and provide basis for reducing cesarean section rate.Method A retrospective case study was conducted.From January 1,2017 to December 31,2017,the women who gave birth in the top three hospital of Wuhan were the observation group.On January 1,2015 to December 31,2015,the women who gave birth in the top three hospital of Wuhan were the control group.The data of maternal age,times of gestation and delivery,and cesarean section rate were retrospectively analyzed,the rate of cesarean section was stratified according to the type of primipara and multipara.Results After the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy,the number of advanced maternal age,maternal women increased,the number of pregnant and delivery times increased,the overall caesarean section rate and the caesarean section rate of primiparas decreased,the rate of cesarean section of multipara did not change,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion After the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy,the general pregnancy data and cesarean section rate of pregnant women have changed.In order to ensure the successful implementation of the two-child policy and ensure the safety of mothers and infants,it is necessary to encourage age-appropriate pregnancy and reduce the rate of cesarean section.And primipara is the key intervention population for reducing cesarean section rate in hospitals.