不同钝化剂对猪粪菌渣堆肥中Cu、Zn钝化的影响

Effect of Different Passivation on Heavy Metals Cu, Zn during Composting of Pig Manure and Mushroom

为探究不同重金属钝化剂对猪粪堆肥中Cu、Zn的钝化效果,以猪粪和菌渣作为堆肥原料,通过添加5%的重金属钝化剂(沸石、膨润土和海泡石)进行28 d的堆肥。结果表明,各处理组在堆肥高温期维持天数及白菜种子的发芽指数均达到无害化要求,沸石、膨润土、海泡石3种钝化剂的添加使堆肥温度升高,减少堆肥期间水分的损失;堆肥后各处理组呈微碱性;堆肥处理能促进堆肥中Zn、Cu的形态向活性低的方向转化,降低重金属的生物有效性;各处理组中交换态Cu和Zn的分配率均有所降低,其中,海泡石对对猪粪堆肥中交换态Cu的钝化效果最好,膨润土对猪粪堆肥中交换态Zn的钝化效果最好。

To explore the influence of different heavy metal passivation(zeolite,bentonite and sepiolite)on the passivation effect of heavy metals during manure and mushroom composting process,heavy metal passivation with 5%additives were composted for 28 d.The results showed that all treatments met the requirements of harmless treatment,and the seed germination index reached 80%-85%.The addition of zeolite,bentonite and sepiolite increased the composting temperature and reduced the loss of water during composting.Each treatment group was slightly alkaline after composting.The activity of heavy metal(Cu and Zn)could be declined by composting process.So,biological availability of heavy metal could be declined by compositing treatment.After the end of composting,the content and distribution rate of exchangeable Cu and Zn in the treatment group decreased,and sepiolite had the best passivation effect on exchangeable Cu in pig manure composting.Bentonite had the best passivation effect on exchangeable Zn in pig manure composting.